Historique
Article de Périodique
Epidemiology, clinical features and management of patients presenting to European emergency departments with acute cocaine toxicity: comparison between powder cocaine and crack cocaine cases (2019)
Auteur(s) :
MIRO, O. ;
DARGAN, P. I. ;
WOOD, D. M. ;
DINES, A. M. ;
YATES, C. ;
HEYERDAHL, F. ;
HOVDA, K. E. ;
GIRAUDON, I. ;
Euro-DEN Plus Research Group ;
GALICIA, M.
Année :
2019
Page(s) :
718-726
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Refs biblio. :
30
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology)
Thésaurus géographique
EUROPE
Thésaurus mots-clés
COCAINE
;
URGENCE
;
TOXICITE
;
CRACK
;
COMPARAISON
;
EFFET SECONDAIRE
;
SYMPTOME
Note générale :
Letter to the Editor and authors' reply:
Mégarbane B., Catherine L., Soichot M., Labat L. Enhanced toxicity from powder cocaine use in comparison to crack cocaine use - an observational study in the intensive care unit. Clinical Toxicology, 2020, Vol. 58, n° 1, p. 71-72. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2019.1596281
Miro O., Dargan P.I., Galicia M., Euro-DEN Plus Research Group Authors' reply to comment on 'Epidemiology, clinical features and management of patients presenting to European emergency departments with acute cocaine toxicity: comparison between powder cocaine and crack cocaine cases'. Clinical Toxicology, 2020, Vol. 58, n° 1, p. 72-74, doi: 10.1080/15563650.2019.1613549
Mégarbane B., Catherine L., Soichot M., Labat L. Enhanced toxicity from powder cocaine use in comparison to crack cocaine use - an observational study in the intensive care unit. Clinical Toxicology, 2020, Vol. 58, n° 1, p. 71-72. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2019.1596281
Miro O., Dargan P.I., Galicia M., Euro-DEN Plus Research Group Authors' reply to comment on 'Epidemiology, clinical features and management of patients presenting to European emergency departments with acute cocaine toxicity: comparison between powder cocaine and crack cocaine cases'. Clinical Toxicology, 2020, Vol. 58, n° 1, p. 72-74, doi: 10.1080/15563650.2019.1613549
Résumé :
Objective: To analyse the epidemiology, clinical picture and emergency department (ED) management of a large series of patients who presented to European EDs after cocaine consumption, comparing data from powder (C-1 group) and crack (C-2 group) consumers.
Methods: Between October 2013 and December 2016, the Euro-DEN Plus Registry recorded 17,371 consecutive acute recreational drug toxicity presentations to 22 EDs in 14 European countries. Epidemiological and demographic data, co-ingestion of alcohol and other drugs, clinical features, ED management and outcome (death) were analysed for cocaine cases, and comparison of clinical picture in C-1 and C-2 patients were performed adjusting for alcohol and other drug co-ingestion.
Results: We included 3002 cases (C-1: 2600; C-2: 376; mixed consumption: 26): mean age 32(9) years, 23% female. The proportion of presentations involving cocaine varied significantly between countries (>30% in Malta, Spain, France, Denmark) and only centres in France, United Kingdom, Poland, Ireland and Malta recorded crack-related cases. Cocaine was frequently used with ethanol (74.3%, C-1>C-2) and other drugs (56.8%, C-2>C-1), the most frequent amphetamine (19.4%, C-1>C-2) and opioids (18.9%, C-2>C-1). C-2 patients were more likely to have clinically significant episodes of hypotension (adjusted OR = 2.35; 95%CI = 1.42-3.89), and bradypnea (1.81; 1.03-3.16) and systolic blood pressure >180 mmHg on ED arrival (2.59; 1.28-5.25); while less likely anxiety (0.51; 0.38-0.70), chest pain (0.47; 0.31-0.70), palpitations (0.57; 0.38-0.84), vomiting (0.54; 0.32-0.90), and tachycardia on ED arrival (0.52; 0.39-0.67). Sedative drugs were given in 29.3%. The median length of hospital stay was 4:02 h, 22.1% patients were hospitalized, and 0.4% (n = 12) died.
Conclusion: Cocaine is commonly involved in European ED presentations with acute recreational drug toxicity, but there is variation across Europe not just in the involvement of cocaine but in the proportion related to powder versus crack. Some differences in clinical picture and ED management exist between powder cocaine and crack consumers.
Methods: Between October 2013 and December 2016, the Euro-DEN Plus Registry recorded 17,371 consecutive acute recreational drug toxicity presentations to 22 EDs in 14 European countries. Epidemiological and demographic data, co-ingestion of alcohol and other drugs, clinical features, ED management and outcome (death) were analysed for cocaine cases, and comparison of clinical picture in C-1 and C-2 patients were performed adjusting for alcohol and other drug co-ingestion.
Results: We included 3002 cases (C-1: 2600; C-2: 376; mixed consumption: 26): mean age 32(9) years, 23% female. The proportion of presentations involving cocaine varied significantly between countries (>30% in Malta, Spain, France, Denmark) and only centres in France, United Kingdom, Poland, Ireland and Malta recorded crack-related cases. Cocaine was frequently used with ethanol (74.3%, C-1>C-2) and other drugs (56.8%, C-2>C-1), the most frequent amphetamine (19.4%, C-1>C-2) and opioids (18.9%, C-2>C-1). C-2 patients were more likely to have clinically significant episodes of hypotension (adjusted OR = 2.35; 95%CI = 1.42-3.89), and bradypnea (1.81; 1.03-3.16) and systolic blood pressure >180 mmHg on ED arrival (2.59; 1.28-5.25); while less likely anxiety (0.51; 0.38-0.70), chest pain (0.47; 0.31-0.70), palpitations (0.57; 0.38-0.84), vomiting (0.54; 0.32-0.90), and tachycardia on ED arrival (0.52; 0.39-0.67). Sedative drugs were given in 29.3%. The median length of hospital stay was 4:02 h, 22.1% patients were hospitalized, and 0.4% (n = 12) died.
Conclusion: Cocaine is commonly involved in European ED presentations with acute recreational drug toxicity, but there is variation across Europe not just in the involvement of cocaine but in the proportion related to powder versus crack. Some differences in clinical picture and ED management exist between powder cocaine and crack consumers.
Affiliation :
Emergency Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona ; IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain