Titre : | Birth cohort trends in the global epidemiology of alcohol use and alcohol-related harms in men and women: systematic review and metaregression (2016) |
Auteurs : | T. SLADE ; C. CHAPMAN ; W. SWIFT ; K. KEYES ; Z. TONKS ; M. TEESSON |
Type de document : | Article : Périodique |
Dans : | BMJ Open (Vol.6, n°10, 2016) |
Article en page(s) : | e011827 ; 12 p. |
Langues: | Anglais |
Discipline : | EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology) |
Mots-clés : |
Thésaurus mots-clés ALCOOL ; MORBIDITE ; DIFFERENCE DE GENRE ; COHORTE ; SEXE ; EVOLUTION ; EPIDEMIOLOGIE DESCRIPTIVE |
Résumé : |
ENGLISH:
Objective: Historically, alcohol use and related harms are more prevalent in men than in women. However, emerging evidence suggests the epidemiology of alcohol use is changing in younger cohorts. The current study aimed to systematically summarise published literature on birth cohort changes in male-to-female ratios in indicators of alcohol use and related harms. Methods: We identified 68 studies that met inclusion criteria. We calculated male-to-female ratios for 3 broad categories of alcohol use and harms (any alcohol use, problematic alcohol use and alcohol-related harms) stratified by 5-year birth cohorts ranging from 1891 to 2001, generating 1568 sex ratios. Random-effects meta-analyses produced pooled sex ratios within these 3 categories separately for each birth cohort. Findings: There was a linear decrease over time in the sex ratio for all 3 categories of alcohol use and related harms. Among those born in the early 1900s, males were 2.2 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.5) times more likely than females to consume alcohol, 3.0 (95% CI 1.5 to 6.0) times more likely to drink alcohol in ways suggestive of problematic use and 3.6 (95% CI 0.4 to 30.3) times more likely to experience alcohol-related harms. Among cohorts born in the late 1900s, males were 1.1 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.2) times more likely than females to consume alcohol, 1.2 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.4) times more likely to drink alcohol in ways suggestive of problematic use and 1.3 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.3) times more likely to experience alcohol-related harms. Conclusions: Findings confirm the closing male-female gap in indicators of alcohol use and related harms. The closing male-female gap is most evident among young adults, highlighting the importance of prospectively tracking young male and female cohorts as they age into their 30s, 40s and beyond. FRANÇAIS : Cette méta-analyse a inclus 68 études de cohorte de naissances sur une période allant de 1891 à 2001. La tendance générale observée est celle d'une diminution linéaire dans le temps du sexe ratio relatif à l'usage d'alcool (tout type d'usage/usage problématique) et aux dommages associés à cet usage. Parmi les personnes nées au début des années 1900, les hommes étaient 2,2 fois plus enclins que les femmes à consommer de l'alcool (95 % IC 1,9 à 2,5), 3 fois plus enclins à consommer de l'alcool d'une manière suggérant un usage problématique (95 % IC 1,5 à 6,0) et 3,6 fois plus enclins à subir des dommages liés à l'alcool (95% IC 0,4 à 30,3). Parmi les cohortes nées à la fin des années 1900, les hommes n'étaient plus que 1,1 fois plus enclins que les femmes à consommer de l'alcool (95 % IC 1,1 à 1,2), 1,2 fois plus enclins à boire de l'alcool d'une manière suggérant un usage problématique (95 % IC1.1 à 1,4) et 1,3 fois plus enclins à subir des dommages associés à leur consommation (95% CI 1.2 to 1.3). [Actualités des addictions, 03/11/2016] |
Domaine : | Alcool / Alcohol |
Sous-type de document : | Méta-analyse / Meta-analysis ; Revue de la littérature / Literature review |
Refs biblio. : | 88 |
Affiliation : | NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia |
URL : | http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2016/10/25/97001-20161025FILWWW00165-alcool-les-femmes-rattrapent-les-hommes.php |
Lien : | http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011827 |
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