Titre : | Associations between cigarette smoking and cannabis dependence: A longitudinal study of young cannabis users in the United Kingdom (2015) |
Auteurs : | C. HINDOCHA ; N. D. C. SHABAN ; T. P. FREEMAN ; R. K. DAS ; G. GALE ; G. SCHAFER ; C. J. FALCONER ; C. J. A. MORGAN ; H. V. CURRAN |
Type de document : | Article : Périodique |
Dans : | Drug and Alcohol Dependence (Vol.148, March 2015) |
Article en page(s) : | 165-171 |
Langues: | Anglais |
Discipline : | EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology) |
Mots-clés : |
Thésaurus géographique ROYAUME-UNIThésaurus mots-clés TABAC ; CANNABIS ; DEPENDANCE ; ETUDE LONGITUDINALE ; ADOLESCENT ; JEUNE ADULTE ; COMORBIDITE ; FACTEUR PREDICTIF ; POLYCONSOMMATION ; MODELE |
Résumé : |
Aims: To determine the degree to which cigarette smoking predicts levels of cannabis dependence above and beyond cannabis use itself, concurrently and in an exploratory four-year follow-up, and to investigate whether cigarette smoking mediates the relationship between cannabis use and cannabis dependence.
Methods: The study was cross sectional with an exploratory follow-up in the participants’ own homes or via telephone interviews in the United Kingdom. Participants were 298 cannabis and tobacco users aged between 16 and 23; follow-up consisted of 65 cannabis and tobacco users. The primary outcome variable was cannabis dependence as measured by the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS). Cannabis and tobacco smoking were assessed through a self-reported drug history. Results: Regression analyses at baseline showed cigarette smoking (frequency of cigarette smoking: B = 0.029, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.05; years of cigarette smoking: B = 0.159, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.27) accounted for 29% of the variance in cannabis dependence when controlling for frequency of cannabis use. At follow-up, only baseline cannabis dependence predicted follow-up cannabis dependence (B = 0.274, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.53). At baseline, cigarette smoking mediated the relationship between frequency of cannabis use and dependence (B = 0.0168, 95% CI = 0.008, 0.288) even when controlling for possible confounding variables (B = 0.0153, 95% CI = 0.007, 0.027). Conclusions: Cigarette smoking is related to concurrent cannabis dependence independently of cannabis use frequency. Cigarette smoking also mediates the relationship between cannabis use and cannabis dependence suggesting tobacco is a partial driver of cannabis dependence in young people who use cannabis and tobacco. Highlights: - We studied the extent that cigarette smoking predicts level of cannabis addiction. - We tested whether cigarette smoking mediates the effect of cannabis use on dependence. - We interviewed 298 cannabis and tobacco users, of which 65 were followed up. - Cigarette smoking accounted for 29% of the variance in cannabis dependence. - Cigarette smoking mediated the relationship between cannabis use and dependence. |
Domaine : | Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs ; Tabac / Tobacco / e-cigarette |
Affiliation : | Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK |
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