Titre : | Drug violations and aviation accidents: findings from the US mandatory drug testing programs (2011) |
Titre traduit : | (Usages de drogues et accidents d'avions : résultats du programme de dépistage obligatoire américain) |
Auteurs : | G. LI ; S. P. BAKER ; Q. ZHAO ; J. E. BRADY ; B. H. LANG ; G. W. REBOK ; C. J. DIMAGGIO |
Type de document : | Article : Périodique |
Dans : | Addiction (Vol.106, n°7, July 2011) |
Article en page(s) : | 1287-1292 |
Langues: | Anglais |
Discipline : | EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology) |
Mots-clés : |
Thésaurus mots-clés EPIDEMIOLOGIE DESCRIPTIVE ; ACCIDENT ; AMPHETAMINES ; CANNABIS ; TRANSPORT AERIEN ; DEPISTAGE ; CONDUITE DE VEHICULEThésaurus géographique ETATS-UNIS |
Résumé : | AIMS. To assess the role of drug violations in aviation accidents. DESIGN. Case-control analysis. SETTING. Commercial aviation in the United States. PARTICIPANTS. Aviation employees who were tested for drugs during 1995-2005 under the post-accident testing program (cases, n = 4977) or under the random testing program (controls, n = 1 129 922). MEASUREMENTS. Point prevalence of drug violations, odds ratio of accident involvement and attributable risk in the population. A drug violation was defined as a confirmed positive test for marijuana (>/=50 ng/ml), cocaine (>/=300 ng/ml), amphetamines (>/=1000 ng/ml), opiates (>/=2000 ng/ml) or phencyclidine (>/=25 ng/ml). FINDINGS. The prevalence of drug violations was 0.64% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.62-0.65%] in random drug tests and 1.82% (95% CI: 1.47-2.24%) in post-accident tests. The odds of accident involvement for employees who tested positive for drugs was almost three times the odds for those who tested negative (odds ratio 2.90, 95% CI: 2.35-3.57), with an estimated attributable risk of 1.2%. Marijuana accounted for 67.3% of the illicit drugs detected. The proportion of illicit drugs represented by amphetamines increased progressively during the study period, from 3.4% in 1995 to 10.3% in 2005 (P |
Domaine : | Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs |
Refs biblio. : | 26 |
Affiliation : |
Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, Etats Unis. United States. |
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