Titre : | Effect of smoke-free workplaces on smoking behaviour : systematic review |
Auteurs : | C. M. FICHTENBERG ; S. A. GLANTZ |
Type de document : | Périodique |
Année de publication : | 2002 |
Format : | 188-194 / graph. ; tabl. |
Note générale : |
British Medical Journal, 2002, 325, (7357), 188-194 |
Langues: | Anglais |
Discipline : | EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology) |
Mots-clés : |
Thésaurus mots-clés TABAC ; MILIEU PROFESSIONNEL ; LEGISLATION ; USAGE REGULIER ; TABAGISME PASSIF ; EPIDEMIOLOGIE ; EFFET SECONDAIRE ; EVOLUTION ; TAXEThésaurus géographique ETATS-UNIS ; AUSTRALIE ; CANADA ; ALLEMAGNE |
Résumé : |
ENGLISH : Objective: To quantify the effects of smoke-free workplaces on smoking in employees and compare these effects to those achieved through tax increases. Design: Systematic review with a random effects meta-analysis. Study selection: 26 studies on the effects of smoke-free workplaces. Setting: Workplaces in the United States, Australia, Canada, and Germany. Participants: Employees in unrestricted and totally smoke-free workplaces. Main outcome measures: Daily cigarette consumption (per smoker and per employee) and smoking prevalence. Results: Totally smoke-free workplaces are associated with reductions in prevalence of smoking of 3.8% (95% confidence interval 2.8% to 4.7%) and 3.1 (2.4 to 3.8) fewer cigarettes smoked per day per continuing smoker. Combination of the effects of reduced prevalence and lower consumption per continuing smoker yields a mean reduction of 1.3 cigarettes per day per employee, which corresponds to a relative reduction of 29%. To achieve similar reductions the tax on a pack of cigarettes would have to increase from $0.76 to $3.05 (0.78 to 3.14) in the United States and from £3.44 to £6.59 (5.32 to 10.20) in the United Kingdom. If all workplaces became smoke-free, consumption per capita in the entire population would drop by 4.5% in the United States and 7.6% in the United Kingdom, costing the tobacco industry $1.7 billion and £310 million annually in lost sales. To achieve similar reductions tax per pack would have to increase to $1.11 and £4.26. Conclusions: Smoke-free workplaces not only protect non-smokers from the dangers of passive smoking, they also encourage smokers to quit or to reduce consumption. |
Note de contenu : | graph. ; tabl. |
Domaine : | Tabac / Tobacco / e-cigarette |
Refs biblio. : | 110 |
Affiliation : |
Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Fransisco, CA 94143, USA Etats-Unis. United States. |
Centre Emetteur : | 13 OFDT |
Cote : | A00996 |
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