Historique
Périodique
Potential risk factors for the transition to injecting among non-injecting heroin users: a comparison of former injectors and never injectors
(Les risques potentiels de passage à l'injection chez les usagers d'héroïne par voie non injectable : une comparaison entre les usagers ex-injecteurs et les non-injecteurs.)
Auteur(s) :
A. NEAIGUS ;
M. MILLER ;
S. R. FRIEDMAN ;
D. L. HAGEN ;
S. J. SIFANECK ;
ILDEFONSO G. ;
D. C. DES JARLAIS
Article en page(s) :
847-860
Refs biblio. :
57
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Discipline :
EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology)
Thésaurus mots-clés
VOIE D'ADMINISTRATION
;
HEROINE
;
INJECTION
;
INITIATION
;
FACTEUR DE RISQUE
;
ETUDE TRANSVERSALE
;
EPIDEMIOLOGIE DESCRIPTIVE
Thésaurus géographique
ETATS-UNIS
Note générale :
Addiction, 2001, 96, (6), 847-860
Note de contenu :
tabl.
Résumé :
FRANÇAIS :
Une étude transversale menée de 1996 à 1998, à New York, auprès d'un échantillon de 575 usagers d'héroïne non-injecteurs - composé de 67% d'usagers qui n'avaient jamais pratiqué l'injection, de16% qui l'avaient pratiquée entre 1 à 10 fois et de 17% qui l'avaient pratiquée 10 fois ou plus, montre que ces derniers comportent de nombreuses caractéristiques qui augmentent leur risque de passage à la voie injectable. Ils sont souvent sans abri, sans emploi, ont un passé d'usage de drogues plus long, ont commencé leur initiation à l'héroïne jeunes et par voie injectable, ils ne craignent pas le geste de l'injection, ils sniffent de l'héroïne avec des ex-usagers par voie injectable, et ils ont pour partenaire sexuel des ex-usagers par voie injectable. Les 16 et 17 % des usagers qui ont déjà expérimenté l'injection ont deux fois plus de risque d'être perçus par leurs amis comme étant d'accord pour pratiquer l'injection que ceux qui ne l'ont jamais pratiquée.
ENGLISH :
Aims. To compare potential risk factors for the transition to injecting among non-injecting heroin users (NIUs) with different injecting histories. Design. Cross-sectional data from baseline structured interviews with NIUs in a study on transitions to injecting. Sample recruited by outreach or chain-referral in New York City (NYC), 1996-1998. Setting. Recruitment of sample and interviews conducted in a NYC neighborhood where many drug users reside and/or use drugs. Participants. Of 575 NIUs, 67% had never injected; 16% had injected one to nine times (infrequent former injectors (IFI)); and 18% 10 or more times (frequent former injectors (FFI)). Measurements. Controlling for age and race/ethnicity, adjusted odds ratios were estimated in multivariate logistic regression, and differences in means tested by ANCOVA. Findings. FFI (compared to never injectors and IFI) were more likely: to be homeless; to be unemployed; to be long-time users; to be younger at first heroin use; to not have initiated heroin use through non-injected routes; to not be afraid of injecting themselves with needles; to sniff heroin with former IDUs; and, for both men and women separately, to have sex partners who were former IDUs. Both FFI and IFI were twice as likely as never injectors to perceive that their friends thought that it was "OK" to inject drugs. Conclusions. FFI have multiple individual and network characteristics that may increase their risk of injecting drugs. Interventions among NIUs to prevent transitions to injecting need to ascertain NIUs' injecting history and address the many potential risks that FFI have for resuming injecting drug use. (Author' s abstract)
Une étude transversale menée de 1996 à 1998, à New York, auprès d'un échantillon de 575 usagers d'héroïne non-injecteurs - composé de 67% d'usagers qui n'avaient jamais pratiqué l'injection, de16% qui l'avaient pratiquée entre 1 à 10 fois et de 17% qui l'avaient pratiquée 10 fois ou plus, montre que ces derniers comportent de nombreuses caractéristiques qui augmentent leur risque de passage à la voie injectable. Ils sont souvent sans abri, sans emploi, ont un passé d'usage de drogues plus long, ont commencé leur initiation à l'héroïne jeunes et par voie injectable, ils ne craignent pas le geste de l'injection, ils sniffent de l'héroïne avec des ex-usagers par voie injectable, et ils ont pour partenaire sexuel des ex-usagers par voie injectable. Les 16 et 17 % des usagers qui ont déjà expérimenté l'injection ont deux fois plus de risque d'être perçus par leurs amis comme étant d'accord pour pratiquer l'injection que ceux qui ne l'ont jamais pratiquée.
ENGLISH :
Aims. To compare potential risk factors for the transition to injecting among non-injecting heroin users (NIUs) with different injecting histories. Design. Cross-sectional data from baseline structured interviews with NIUs in a study on transitions to injecting. Sample recruited by outreach or chain-referral in New York City (NYC), 1996-1998. Setting. Recruitment of sample and interviews conducted in a NYC neighborhood where many drug users reside and/or use drugs. Participants. Of 575 NIUs, 67% had never injected; 16% had injected one to nine times (infrequent former injectors (IFI)); and 18% 10 or more times (frequent former injectors (FFI)). Measurements. Controlling for age and race/ethnicity, adjusted odds ratios were estimated in multivariate logistic regression, and differences in means tested by ANCOVA. Findings. FFI (compared to never injectors and IFI) were more likely: to be homeless; to be unemployed; to be long-time users; to be younger at first heroin use; to not have initiated heroin use through non-injected routes; to not be afraid of injecting themselves with needles; to sniff heroin with former IDUs; and, for both men and women separately, to have sex partners who were former IDUs. Both FFI and IFI were twice as likely as never injectors to perceive that their friends thought that it was "OK" to inject drugs. Conclusions. FFI have multiple individual and network characteristics that may increase their risk of injecting drugs. Interventions among NIUs to prevent transitions to injecting need to ascertain NIUs' injecting history and address the many potential risks that FFI have for resuming injecting drug use. (Author' s abstract)
Affiliation :
Nat. Development and Research Institutes, Inc., New York City, NY
Etats-Unis. United States.
Etats-Unis. United States.
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