Adolescent social relationships and the treatment process: findings from quantitative and qualitative analyses / RIEHMAN K. S.

Donner un avis Titre : Adolescent social relationships and the treatment process: findings from quantitative and qualitative analyses Titre traduit : (Relations sociales des adolescents et processus de traitement : résultats d'analyses quantitatives et qualitatives) Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : RIEHMAN K. S. ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; JUVONEN J. ; A. MORRAL Année de publication : 2003 Importance : 865-896 Présentation : tabl. ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 0022-0426 Note générale : Journal of Drug Issues, 2003, 33, 865-896 Langues : Anglais Mots-clés : Thésaurus TOXIBASE SOCIABILITE ; ADOLESCENT ; TRAITEMENT ; SEXE ; PAIR ; RELATION PARENT ENFANT ; EVOLUTION ; RECHERCHE Thésaurus Géographique ETATS-UNIS Discipline : TRA Traitement et prise en charge / Treatment and care Domaine : Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs Résumé : ENGLISH : Juvenile justice systems increasingly rely on placement of substance-involved adolescents in residential group homes. Research finds differences in pathways to drug abuse, but few studies explore whether gender differences affect treatment response. We describe the association between girls' and boys' relationship patterns and their experiences in treatment. Data come from a quantitative study of 449 criminally involved adolescents mandated to residential treatment programs throughout Los Angeles, and 30 semi-structured interviews with a similar group of seven boys and three girls attending a residential treatment program. Quantitative data show that girls had more problematic families and peers and reported more depressive symptoms than boys. Qualitative data indicate that girls' pretreatment networks were almost exclusively comprised of older males acting as "protectors" and sexual partners, while boys' included same-sex, same-aged peers. Girls emphasized sexuality in their discussions of in-treatment relationships and had difficulty developing friendships with other girls in the program. Our findings highlight gender differences in relationship patterns that merit further study as potentially important influences on adolescents' treatment responses. (Author's abstract.) Note de contenu : tabl. Refs biblio. : 51 Affiliation : Etats-Unis. United States. Numéro Toxibase : 505753 Centre Emetteur : 05 Marmottan Permalink : https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=19134

Characteristics of people who initiate injection drug use later in life / S. G. ARREOLA ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; L. WENGER ; D. CHU ; J. THING ; A. H. KRAL in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Vol.138 (May 2014)

Donner un avis [article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > Vol.138 (May 2014) . - 244-250 Titre : Characteristics of people who initiate injection drug use later in life Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : S. G. ARREOLA ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; L. WENGER ; D. CHU ; J. THING ; A. H. KRAL Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : 244-250 Langues : Anglais Mots-clés : Thésaurus Géographique ETATS-UNIS Thésaurus TOXIBASE INJECTION ; INITIATION ; USAGER ; AGE Discipline : EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology Domaine : Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs Résumé : BACKGROUND: Studies report that among people who inject drugs (PWID), approximately 1 in 7 initiated injection during their thirties or later (referred to hereafter as "late initiates"). However, little is known about individuals who are late initiates. This study aims to describe characteristics of late initiates to drug injection and to examine how they differ from people who initiated drug injection prior to the age of 30 ("typical initiates"). METHODS: We recruited 696 active PWID in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California between 2011 and 2013, using targeted sampling and street outreach methods. Participants completed personal interviews that covered items on demographics, drug use history and practices, injection initiation episode, HIV injection- and sex-related risk, health care utilization among others. We used bivariate and multivariate analyses to examine factors associated being a late initiate. RESULTS: In our sample, 19% of participants who were 30 years or older were classified as late initiates. In multivariate analysis controlling for city, late initiates had higher odds of being female and African American, having been in treatment prior to initiation, initiating illicit drug use at an older age, and being assisted into injection by someone of the same age or younger. Late initiates had lower odds of frequent recent injection, and having a bipolar disorder diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Late initiates comprise a significant proportion of active PWIDs. More study on the health consequences of late initiation are needed as are interventions to prevent transition to drug injection among at-risk populations. Affiliation : Global Forum on MSM and HIV, Oakland, CA, USA Permalink : https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=74288 [article]

A cost-benefit analysis of a potential supervised injection facility in San Francisco, California, USA / A. IRWIN ; E. JOZAGHI ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; A. H. KRAL in Journal of Drug Issues, Vol.47, n°2 (April 2017)

Donner un avis [article]  in Journal of Drug Issues > Vol.47, n°2 (April 2017) . - 164-184 Titre : A cost-benefit analysis of a potential supervised injection facility in San Francisco, California, USA Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : A. IRWIN ; E. JOZAGHI ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; A. H. KRAL Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : 164-184 Note générale : Voir aussi : McCarthy M. Supervised injection centers could save millions of dollars in health costs, US study finds. British Medical Journal, 2016; 355: i6762 Langues : Anglais Mots-clés : Thésaurus Géographique ETATS-UNIS ; CANADA Thésaurus TOXIBASE REDUCTION DES RISQUES ; SALLE DE CONSOMMATION A MOINDRE RISQUE ; COUT ; BENEFICE ; EVALUATION ; ECONOMIE ; INFECTION ; VIH ; HEPATITE ; MODELE ; SURDOSE Discipline : SAN Santé publique / Public health Domaine : Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs Résumé : Supervised injection facilities (SIFs) have been shown to reduce infection, prevent overdose deaths, and increase treatment uptake. The United States is in the midst of an opioid epidemic, yet no sanctioned SIF currently operates in the United States. We estimate the economic costs and benefits of establishing a potential SIF in San Francisco using mathematical models that combine local public health data with previous research on the effects of existing SIFs. We consider potential savings from five outcomes: averted HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, reduced skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI), averted overdose deaths, and increased medication-assisted treatment (MAT) uptake. We find that each dollar spent on a SIF would generate US$2.33 in savings, for total annual net savings of US$3.5 million for a single 13-booth SIF. Our analysis suggests that a SIF in San Francisco would not only be a cost-effective intervention but also a significant boost to the public health system. Affiliation : Criminal Justice Policy Foundation, Silver Spring, MD, USA Cote : Abonnement Permalink : https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=78488 [article]

Drug paraphernalia laws and injection-related infectious disease risk among drug injectors / R. N. BLUTHENTHAL

Donner un avis Titre : Drug paraphernalia laws and injection-related infectious disease risk among drug injectors Titre traduit : (La législation relative au matériel d'injection et le risque de maladie infectieuse lié à la pratique de l'injection chez les usagers de drogues par voie injectable) Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; A. H. KRAL ; ERRINGER E. A. ; B. R. EDLIN Année de publication : 1999 Importance : 1-16 Présentation : tabl. Note générale : Journal of Drug Issues, 1999, 29, (1), 1-16 Langues : Anglais Mots-clés : Thésaurus TOXIBASE USAGER ; VOIE INTRAVEINEUSE ; MATERIEL D'INJECTION ; PARTAGE DE SERINGUE ; CONDUITE A RISQUE ; LEGISLATION ; INFECTION ; MATERIEL LIE A L'USAGE ; EPIDEMIOLOGIE DESCRIPTIVE Thésaurus Géographique ETATS-UNIS Discipline : EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology Domaine : Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs Résumé : FRANÇAIS : Les lois sur le matériel d'injection, appliquées dans 47 Etats américains, interdisent aux usagers de drogues par voie injectable (UDIs) de posséder des seringues. Il a été suggéré que ces lois ont pour conséquence une augmentation du partage des seringues, en dissuadant les usagers de transporter leur propres seringues. En Caroline du Nord, le lien entre linquiétude de se faire arrêter en possession daccessoires destinés à lusage des drogues, et les conduites à risque a été exploré, en 1996, auprès de 424 UDIs. 76 pour cent dentre eux étaient Afro-Américains, 36 pour cent étaient des femmes et 15 pour cent étaient séropositifs. 35 pour cent (150) dentre eux ont dit craindre de se faire arrêter en possession daccessoires destinés à lusage des drogues. Des analyses multivariables ont montré que les UDIs qui ont des craintes de se faire arrêter avaient plus de risques que les autres UDIs de partager des seringues (ratio de probabilité équilibré [AOR] = 2.28 ; 95 pour cent dintervalle de confiance [CI]=1.19, 4.34) et du matériel dinjection (AOR=3.23 ; 95 pour cent CI=2.03, 5.13). Ces données suggèrent que décriminaliser les seringues et les aiguilles mèneraient probablement à une diminution des conduites à risque. ENGLISH : Drug paraphernalia laws in 47 U.S. states make it illegal for injection drug users (IDUs) to possess syringes. It has been suggested that these laws lead to syringe sharing by deterring IDUs from carrying their own syringes. We examined the relationship between concern about arrest while carrying drug paraphernalia and injection-related risk behaviors among street-recruited IDUs in Northern California. In 1996, 424 IDUs were interviewed, of whom 76 percent were African American, 36 percent were female, and 15 percent were HIV positive. Thirty-five percent (150) reported concern about being arrested while carrying drug paraphernalia. In multivariate analyses that controlled for potential confounders, IDUs concerned about being arrested were significantly more likely than other IDUs to share syringes (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =2.28; 95 percent confidence interval [CI]=1.19, 4.34) and injection supplies (AOR= 3.23; 95 percent CI=2.03, 5.13). These data suggest that decriminalizing seringes and needles would likely result in reductions in the behaviors that expose IDUs to blood borne viruses. (Author' s abstract) Note de contenu : tabl. Refs biblio. : 48 Affiliation : RAND, 1700 Main St., PO Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, e-mail: Ricky_Bluthenthal@rand.org Etats-Unis. United States. Numéro Toxibase : 504885 Centre Emetteur : 05 Marmottan Permalink : https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27926

Factors associated with initiating someone into illicit drug injection / R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; L. WENGER ; D. CHU ; B. QUINN ; J. THING ; A. H. KRAL in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Vol.144 (November 2014)

Donner un avis [article]  in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > Vol.144 (November 2014) . - 186-192 Titre : Factors associated with initiating someone into illicit drug injection Type de document : Périodique Auteurs : R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; L. WENGER ; D. CHU ; B. QUINN ; J. THING ; A. H. KRAL Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : 186-192 Langues : Anglais Mots-clés : Thésaurus Géographique ETATS-UNIS Thésaurus TOXIBASE INJECTION ; INITIATION ; USAGER ; ETUDE TRANSVERSALE Discipline : EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology Domaine : Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs Résumé : Aims: Most people who inject drugs (PWID) were first initiated into injection by a current PWID. Few studies have examined PWID who assist others into drug injection. Our goal is to describe the prevalence of and risk factors for initiating someone into injection in the last 12 months. Methods: We recruited a cross-sectional sample of PWID (N = 605) in California from 2011 to 2013. We examined bivariate and multivariate risk factors for initiating someone into injection with a focus on behaviors that might encourage injection initiation such as injecting in front of non-PWID, describing how to inject to non-PWID, and willingness to initiate someone into drug injection. Results: Having initiated someone into injection was reported by 34% of PWID overall and 7% in the last 12 months. Forty-four PWID had assisted 431 people into injection in the past year. Factors independently associated with initiating someone into injection in the last 12 months were self-reported likelihood of initiating someone in the future (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 7.09; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 3.40, 14.79), having injected another PWID in past month (AOR = 4.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.94, 8.47), having described how to inject to non-injectors (2.61; 95% CI = 1.19, 5.71), and non-injection powder cocaine use in past month (AOR = 4.97; 95% CI = 2.08, 11.84) while controlling for study site. Conclusion: Active PWID are important in facilitating the process of drug injection uptake. Interventions to reduce initiation should include efforts to change behaviors and intentions among PWID that are associated with injection uptake among others. Highlights: This paper is the largest observational epidemiology study of PWID that initiate others into drug injection. There have been several editorials, reviews, and commentaries calling for more studies on injection initiation patterns and risk. This paper, with its robust findings, makes a very important contribution to the little studied behavior of initiating others into injection drug use. Affiliation : Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Prevention Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Permalink : https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=75101 [article]

Factors associated with readiness to change drug use among needle-exchange users / R. N. BLUTHENTHAL

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Hepatitis-associated knowledge is low and risks are high among HIV-aware injection drug users in three US cities / R. HEIMER

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HIV risk behaviors associated with the injection process : multiperson use of drug injection equipment and paraphernalia in injection drug user networks / R. H. NEEDLE

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HIV risk profile of drug-using women who have sex with women in 19 United States cities / A. H. KRAL

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Impact of law enforcement on syringe exchange programs : a look at Oakland and San Francisco / R. N. BLUTHENTHAL

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Injection risk behaviors among clients of syringe exchange programs with different syringe dispensation policies / A. H. KRAL ; R. ANDERSON ; N. M. FLYNN ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL in Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Vol.37, n°2 (2004)

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Moral ambivalence and the decision to initiate others into injection drug use: A qualitative study in two California cities / L. D. WENGER ; A. M. LOPEZ ; A. H. KRAL ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL in International Journal of Drug Policy, Vol.37 (November 2016) 

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Perspectives on therapeutic treatment from adolescent probationers / R. N. BLUTHENTHAL in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, Vol.38 n°4 (2006)

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Predictors and prevention of nonfatal overdose among street-recruited injection heroin users in the San Francisco bay area 1998-1999 / K. H. SEAL in American Journal of Public Health, Vol.91 n°11 (2001)

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Risk factors amond IDUs who give injections to or receive injections from other drug users / A. H. KRAL

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