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M. POLLARD ; H. D. GREEN ; D. P. KENNEDY ; M. H. GO ; J. S. TUCKER | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Working Papers | 2013The authors examine how adolescent friendship networks are linked to binge drinking trajectories into young adulthood using Add Health. They add to the literature by examining whether an individual's structural position (group member, liaison or[...]Rapport
B. KILMER ; S. DAVENPORT ; R. SMART ; J. P. CAULKINS ; G. MIDGETTE | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Research Reports | 2019* Research Questions: What types of cannabis products are produced and sold in Washington State? What is the size of the cannabis market in Washington State three years after licensing cannabis production and sales for nonmedical purposes? * [...]Rapport
B. KILMER ; J. P. CAULKINS ; R. L. PACULA ; R. J. MACCOUN ; P. H. REUTER | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Occasional Papers | 2010To learn more about the possible outcomes of marijuana legalization in California, RAND researchers constructed a model based on a series of estimates of current consumption, current and future prices, how responsive use is to price changes, tax[...]Rapport
RAND Europe ; HORLINGS E. ; A. SCOGGINS | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Technical Reports | 2006FRANÇAIS : Ce document a pour but de déterminer l'impact macroéconomique actuel de la consommation d'alcool en Europe et l'impact éventuel selon les politiques mises en oeuvre. Les auteurs font le point sur la consommation d'alcool et ses cons[...]Périodique
M. A. BURNAM ; S. C. MORTON ; MCGLYNN E. A. ; L. P. PETERSON ; B. M. STECHER ; C. HAYES ; J. VACCARO | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Reprints | 1996Homeless adults with both a serious mental illness and substance dependence (N=276) were randomly assigned to: (1) a social model residential program providing integrated mental health and substance abuse treatment; (2) a community-based nonresi[...]Livre
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P. H. REUTER ; F. TRAUTMANN ; R. L. PACULA ; B. KILMER ; GAGELDONK A. ; D. VAN DER GOUWE | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Technical Reports | 2009This report provides key findings of the RAND Europe study which assesses how the global market for illicit drugs has developed from 1998 to 2007 and describes worldwide drug policies implemented during that period to address the problem. The st[...]Rapport
D. M. CULLEY ; J. TAYLOR ; J. RUBIN ; S. HOORENS ; E. DISLEY ; L. RABINOVICH | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Technical Reports | 2012Illicit drug use continues to be an important public health and safety concern in Europe. Production, trafficking and dealing in illicit drugs constitute important criminal justice challenges in themselves, and are associated with other criminal[...]Rapport
B. KILMER ; J. P. CAULKINS ; G. MIDGETTE ; L. DAHLKEMPER ; R. J. MACCOUN ; R. L. PACULA | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Research Reports | 2013In 2012, Washington state voters passed Initiative 502 (I-502), which removed the prohibition on the production, distribution, and possession of marijuana for nonmedical purposes and required the state to regulate and tax a new marijuana industr[...]Rapport
M. VAN HET LOO ; S. HOORENS ; C. VAN'T HOF ; J. P. KAHAN | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Monograph/Reports | 2003Background. The political debate on cannabis policy is often more based on opinions than on evidence. However, evidence-based knowledge is required to design effective cannabis policy. Method. A review of the scientific literature on cannabis [...]Rapport
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B. KILMER ; J. TAYLOR ; J. P. CAULKINS ; P. A. MUELLER ; A. J. OBER ; B. PARDO ; R. SMART ; L. STRANG ; P. H. REUTER | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Research Reports | 2018Current levels of opioid-related morbidity and mortality in the United States are staggering. Data for 2017 indicate that there were more than 47,000 opioid-involved overdose deaths, and one in eight adults now reports having had a family member[...]Rapport
J. P. CAULKINS ; B. KILMER ; M. A. R. KLEIMAN ; R. J. MACCOUN ; G. MIDGETTE ; P. OGLESBY ; R. L. PACULA ; P. REUTER | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Research Reports | 2015Marijuana legalization is a controversial and multifaceted issue that is now the subject of serious debate. Since 2012, four U.S. states have passed ballot initiatives to remove prohibition and legalize a for-profit commercial marijuana industry[...]Rapport
Changing patterns in drug use and supply can affect the well-being and development of Asian countries in many ways: The burden of disease from injection drug use, overreliance on the criminal justice system, and rise of drug-related crime can im[...]Rapport
This report analyzes the relative cost-effectiveness of various available drug interventions. Four such interventions analyzed in this document are (1) source country control; (2) interdiction; (3) domestic enforcement; and (4) treatment of heav[...]Rapport
This report describes how to construct time series for the price of cocaine using data from the Drug Enforcement Administration's System to Retrieve Information from Drug Evidence, a database that includes records of prices paid by undercover ag[...]Rapport
E. DISLEY ; A. MULCAHY ; M. PARDAL ; J. RUBIN ; K. RUGGERI | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Research Reports | 2013Opioid dependence imposes a range of costs on individuals, families, communities and society, and understanding these costs is important to inform policy and decision making in this area, especially when budgets for services to address challenge[...]Rapport
D. POWELL ; R. L. PACULA ; M. JACOBSON | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Working Papers | 2015If medical marijuana laws facilitate the substitution of marijuana for powerful and addictive pain relievers, a potential overlooked positive impact of these laws may be a reduction in the harms associated with opioid pain relievers. We study th[...]Périodique
The nationwide drug court movement represents one of the most recent innovations in our criminal justice system aimed at decreasing the number of drug-involved offenders by providing drug treatment and intensive court supervision. Although the m[...]Chapitre
R. J. MACCOUN ; A. J. SAIGER ; J. P. KAHAN ; P. REUTER | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Reprints | 1993This is a brief essay about what cross-national comparisons can tell us about the relationship between drug policies and drug-related problems, and about some of the difficulties involved in making such comparisons. This essay reflects the autho[...]Rapport
Results from a longitudinal experiment to curb drug use during junior high indicate that education programs based on a social-influence model can prevent or reduce young adolescents' use of cigarettes and marijuana. This multisite experiment inv[...]Périodique
There is an ongoing American policy debate about the appropriate legal status for psychoactive drugs. Prohibition, decriminalization, and legalization positions are all premised on assumptions about the behavioral effects of drug laws. What is a[...]Rapport
P. HUNT ; L. RABINOVICH ; B. BAUMBERG | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Technical Reports | 2011In an effort to understand the economic implications associated with various possible measures to tackle alcohol harms, the Home Office commissioned RAND Europe to undertake research into three particular policies - minimum pricing, ban on below[...]Rapport
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The introduction of illicitly manufactured synthetic opioids to U.S. drug markets presents new challenges for contemporary drug policy: The potency of many synthetic opioids increases risk to users and poses challenges for first responders, the [...]Rapport
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A central question in the debate regarding the legalization of marijuana in California is whether consumption would rise and by how much. This report reviews the economics literature which provides insights regarding how consumption might change[...]Rapport
L. RABINOVICH ; P. HUNT ; L. STAETSKY ; S. GOSHEV ; E. NOLTE ; J. S. PEDERSEN ; C. TIEFENSEE | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Technical Reports | 2012Policies related to alcohol pricing, promotion and discounts provide opportunities to address harms associated with alcohol misuse. However, there are important gaps in information and knowledge about the regulations in place across parts of Eur[...]Périodique
In this article, the authors describe a three-team seminar game of community governmental policy toward the sale and use of illicit drugs. The game takes 3 days to play and simulated roughly 5 years. The players are city and county officials and[...]Rapport
S. NEWBERRY ; M. BOOTH ; C. M. RUTTER ; E. APAYDIN ; G. KARIMI ; R. M. SHANMAN ; A. MOTALA ; M. A. MAGLIONE ; S. HEMPEL | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Research Reports | 2019Given the documented gender differences in characteristics of alcohol use disorder, men and women might also respond differently to some treatments for this disorder. If so, this would be important for physicians to consider when selecting treat[...]Rapport
L. RABINOVICH ; CELIA C. ; BRUTSCHER P. B. ; CONKLIN A. | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Technical Reports | 2009Initiatives aimed at influencing the behaviour of citizens to improve individual and societal outcomes have been systematically used by governments (as well as by non-governmental bodies) for decades in many fields including transport, educa[...]Rapport
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K. KRUITHOF ; J. ALDRIDGE ; D. DÉCARY-HÉTU ; M. SIM ; E. DUJSO ; S. HOORENS | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Research Reports | 2016The potential role of the Internet in facilitating drugs trade first gained mass attention with the rise and fall of Silk Road; the first major online market place for illegal goods on the hidden web. After Silk Road was taken down by the FBI in[...]Rapport
N. RODRIGUEZ ; RIDGEWAY G. ; D. BARNES PROBY ; FAIN T. ; N. G. FORGE ; V. WEBB ; L. J. DEMAINE | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | 2005In recent years, Arizona and California overwhelmingly passed ballot initiatives that were expected to divert minor, nonviolent drug offenders from incarceration-jail and prison-to treatment. With respect to the prison population, it was unknown[...]Livre
J. P. CAULKINS ; C. P. RYDELL ; W. L. SCHWABE ; J. CHIESA | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | 1997Laws requiring minimum sentences for certain crimes have become increasingly popular, and the most frequently applied of these mandatory minimums are those pertaining to drug offenders. Proponents and opponents of mandatory minimums generally ar[...]Rapport
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European Commission, Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs ; E. BALBIRNIE ; M. DAVIES ; C. GONZALEZ MONSALVE ; S. HARTKA ; S. HOORENS ; K. KRUITHOF ; M. SACHER ; J. TAYLOR | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | 2016This evaluation assesses the degree of implementation of the EU Drugs Strategy 2013-2020 and the Action Plan 2013-2016 in terms of outputs and, to the extent possible, impacts. It looks at the extent to which the objectives of the EU Drugs Strat[...]Rapport
A mandatory public consultation was conducted to inform the Mid-Term Assessment of the EU Drugs Strategy 2013-2020 and the final evaluation of the EU Action Plan on Drugs 2013-2016. This document reports on the consultation's results. Research [...]Rapport
ENGLISH : This report documents the development of a two-state Markovian model of the demand for cocaine and includes the estimation of incidence, prevalence, cohort retention, and consumption. The Markovian model is required to fit (1) the ov[...]Rapport
B. KILMER ; K. KRUITHOF ; M. PARDAL ; J. P. CAULKINS ; J. RUBIN | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Research Reports | 2013In July 2013, the Research and Documentation Centre (WODC) of the Netherlands Ministry of Security and Justice asked RAND Europe to provide a multinational overview of cannabis production regimes, with a special focus on identifying and describi[...]Rapport
J. S. TUCKER ; P. L. ELLICKSON ; R. L. COLLINS ; D. J. KLEIN | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | 2007ENGLISH : Key findings: * Although some consider experimenting with marijuana normal behavior for adolescents, those adolescents who abstain are not maladjusted as others have reported. * Young abstainers do better than experimenters into youn[...]Périodique
We tested a model of the process of becoming involved with drugs during junior high. The sample included 698 students who were not using alcohol, cigarettes, or marijuana during Grade 7 (T1); the follow-up data points were 12 and 15 months later[...]Rapport
J. P. CAULKINS ; B. KILMER ; M. A. R. KLEIMAN ; R. J. MACCOUN ; G. MIDGETTE ; P. OGLESBY ; R. L. PACULA ; P. H. REUTER | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Perspectives | 2015Marijuana legalization is a controversial and multifaceted issue that is now the subject of serious debate. Since 2012, four U.S. states have passed ballot initiatives to remove prohibition and legalize a for-profit commercial marijuana industry[...]Rapport
ENGLISH : This study estimates the prevalence of drug injection at shooting galleries in Los Angeles and describes their characteristics. Data indicate that 23% of local drug injectors went to a gallery during the year before their interview a[...]Rapport
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Project ALERT (Adolescent Learning Experiences in Resistance Training), which is based on the social influence model of prevention, was developed at RAND to prevent or reduce the use of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana by adolescents. Tested i[...]Rapport
L. RABINOVICH ; TIESSEN J. ; JANTA B. ; CONKLIN A. ; KRAPELS J. ; VAN STOLK C. | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Technical Reports | 2008The National Audit Office (NAO) is undertaking a value for money (VfM) study to examine alcohol-harm prevention and treatment services that are supported by the Department of Health and the NHS in England, focusing specifically on NHS services f[...]Rapport
B. KILMER ; J. P. CAULKINS ; B. M. BOND ; P. H. REUTER | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Occasional Papers | 2010U.S. demand for illicit drugs creates markets for Mexican drug trafficking organizations (DTOs) and helps foster violence in Mexico. This paper examines how marijuana legalization in California might influence DTO revenues and the violence in Me[...]Rapport
ENGLISH : This report summarizes the existing evidence on methadone maintenance treatment for opioid dependent persons, in order to provide a knowledge base for the development of practice guidelines development. The Swiss Federal Office of Pu[...]Rapport
First, we examined whether a model school-based drug prevention program would be effective at reducing lifetime use across a variety of substances. Second, we examined the cost-benefit of a model prevention program. Third, we examined the distri[...]Rapport
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FRANÇAIS : Ce document est une démonstration mathématique simulant trafic et prohibition des drogues illicites. Il ressort de cette étude que si l'on ne tient pas compte de tout un ensemble de paramètres, un renforcement de la prohibition de l[...]Brochure
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Overdose deaths from prescription opioid pain relievers nearly quadrupled between 1999 and 2010, making this the worst drug overdose epidemic in U.S. history. In response, numerous supply-side interventions have aimed to limit access to opioids.[...]Rapport
L. RABINOVICH ; BRUTSCHER P. B. ; H. DE VRIES ; TIESSEN J. ; CLIFT J. ; REDING A. | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Technical Reports | 2009Alcohol has historically been consumed in an unproblematic way by many people across the European Union (EU). However, a significant proportion of alcohol consumption is problematic and generates harms for individuals and societies. Europe has t[...]Rapport
C. PAUL ; A. GEREBEN SCHAEFER ; C. P. CLARKE | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Monograph series | 2011Violent drug-trafficking organizations (VDTOs) in Mexico produce, transship, and deliver into the United States tens of billions of dollars worth of narcotics annually, but their activities are not limited to drug trafficking. VDTOs have also en[...]Rapport
NICOSIA N. ; R. L. PACULA ; B. KILMER ; R. LUNDBERG ; J. CHIESA | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Monograph series | 2009This first national estimate suggests that the economic cost of methamphetamine (meth) use in the United States reached $23.4 billion in 2005. Given the uncertainty in estimating the costs of meth use, this book provides a lower-bound estimate o[...]Rapport
R. RAMCHAND ; A. POMEROY ; J. ARKES | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Occasional Papers | 2009Occupational injuries are a serious public-health issue and cause significant morbidity and mortality in the United States. In 2004, there were 3.4 million admissions to emergency rooms for job-related injuries and illnesses, a number that refle[...]Rapport
The European Alcohol and Health Forum was launched in June 2007 following the adoption by the European Commission in October 2006 of the EU strategy to reduce alcohol-related harm. It began as a stakeholder platform of 50 founding members from p[...]Rapport
LEVITT R. ; NASON E. ; HALLSWORTH M. | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Technical Reports | 2006This report, prepared for the UK House of Commons Select Committee on Science and Technology, presents the results of four case studies examining the evidence base for the classification of illegal drugs in the context of the Misuse of Drugs Act[...]Rapport
B. PARDO ; J. TAYLOR ; J. P. CAULKINS ; B. KILMER ; P. REUTER ; B. D. STEIN | Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation | Research Reports | 2019Deaths involving synthetic opioids in the United States increased from roughly 3,000 in 2013 to more than 30,000 in 2018. In fact, synthetic opioids like fentanyl are now involved in twice as many deaths as heroin. This book offers a systematic [...]Rapport
Transnational crime remains a particularly serious problem in Latin America, with most issues connected in some way to the drug trade. This book examines the scope and dimensions of Andean cocaine and heroin production; the main methods and land[...]