Historique
Article de Périodique
Direct-to-definitive urine and oral fluid test results for unscreened and rarely screened drugs in individuals applying for methadone treatment in 7 U.S. states (2025)
Auteur(s) :
LEE-EASTON, M. J. ;
MAGURA, S. ;
ABU-OBAID, R. ;
REED, P. ;
ALLGAIER, B. ;
FISH, E. ;
MALETTA, A. ;
AMARATUNGA, P. ;
LORENZ-LEMBERG, B. ;
LEVITAS, M. ;
ACHTYES, E.
Année :
2025
Page(s) :
137-148
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Domaine :
Autres substances / Other substances
Discipline :
PRO (Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods)
Thésaurus géographique
ETATS-UNIS
Thésaurus mots-clés
DEPISTAGE
;
SALIVE
;
URINE
;
ANALYSE CHIMIQUE
;
PREVALENCE
;
BRONCHODILATATEURS
;
MEDICAMENTS
;
COMPARAISON
;
METHADONE
;
TOXICOLOGIE
;
PSYCHOTROPES
Autres mots-clés
Résumé :
The standard protocol in addiction treatment/pain management is to conduct immunoassay screens for major drugs subject to misuse, followed by confirmatory testing of positive results. However, this may miss unscreened or rarely screened drugs that could pose risks, especially to polydrug users. We sought to determine the prevalences of unscreened/rarely screened drugs in a sample of individuals misusing drugs in 7 U.S. states, and to compare the results of urine vs. oral testing for these drugs by direct-to-definitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). The five drugs with the highest prevalences were: gabapentin (16.8%), quetiapine (6.2%), chlorpheniramine (5.3%), hydroxyzine (4.9%), and ephedrine (3.5%). All have clinical significance as indicated by severity of possible side effects, interactions with other drugs, and/or misuse potential. Drugs were generally detected more frequently in oral fluid than urine, but gabapentin was more frequently detected in urine. The prevalences of the included drugs seem high enough, and their clinical significance important enough, to warrant consideration of expanding clinical drug test panels, either by direct-to-definitive testing or the addition of selected immunoassay screens when available. Oral fluid was usually more suitable than urine as the test matrix, given the higher rates of detection in oral fluid for most substances included in this study. [Author's abstract]
Affiliation :
Evaluation Center, The Evaluation Center at Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
Forensic Fluids Laboratories, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
School of Medicine, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
Forensic Fluids Laboratories, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
School of Medicine, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
Cote :
Abonnement