| Titre : | Associations between national development indicators and the age profile of people who inject drugs: results from a global systematic review and meta-analysis (2020) |
| Auteurs : | L. A. HINES ; A. TRICKEY ; J. LEUNG ; S. LARNEY ; A. PEACOCK ; L. DEGENHARDT ; S. COLLEDGE ; M. HICKMAN ; J. GREBELY ; E. B. CUNNINGHAM ; J. STONE ; K. DUMCHEV ; P. GRIFFITHS ; P. VICKERMAN ; R. P. MATTICK ; M. LYNSKEY |
| Type de document : | Article : Périodique |
| Dans : | Lancet Global Health (The) (Vol.8, n°1, January 2020) |
| Article en page(s) : | e76-e91 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Discipline : | EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology) |
| Mots-clés : |
Thésaurus mots-clés INDICATEUR ; INJECTION ; USAGER ; AGE ; JEUNE ; GEOGRAPHIE ; CHOMAGE ; TRAITEMENT DE MAINTENANCE ; EPIDEMIOLOGIE DESCRIPTIVEThésaurus géographique INTERNATIONAL |
| Résumé : |
BACKGROUND: Globally, an estimated 15.6 million people inject drugs. We aimed to investigate global variation in the age profile of people who inject drugs (PWID), identify country-level factors associated with age of PWID, and assess the association between injecting drug use (IDU) in young people and rates of injecting and sexual risk behaviours at the country level.
METHODS: We derived data from a previously published global systematic review done in April, 2016 (and updated in June, 2017) on the percentage of young PWID, duration of IDU, average age of PWID, average age at IDU initiation, and the percentage of PWID reporting sexual and injecting risk behaviours. We also derived national development indicators from World Bank data. We estimated the percentage of young PWID for each country, using a random-effects meta-analysis (DerSimonian-Laird methodology) and generated pooled regional and global estimates for all indicators of IDU in young people. We used univariable and multivariable generalised linear models to test for associations between the age indicators and country urban population growth, youth unemployment percentage, the percentage of PWID who are female, the percentage of the general population aged 15-24 years, Gini coefficient, opioid substitution therapy coverage (per PWID per year), gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (US$1000), and sexual and injecting risk behaviours. FINDINGS: In the original systematic review, data on age of PWID was reported in 741 studies across 93 countries. Globally, 25.3% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 19.6-31.8) of PWID were aged 25 years or younger. The highest percentage of young PWID resided in eastern Europe (43.4%, 95% UI 39.4-47.4), and the lowest percentage resided in the Middle East and north Africa (6.9%, 5.1-8.8). At the country level, in multivariable analysis higher GDP was associated with longer median injecting duration (0.11 years per $1000 GDP increase, 95% CI 0.04-0.18; p=0.002), and older median age of PWID (0.13 years per $1000 increase, 0.06-0.20; p INTERPRETATION: Variation in the age profile of PWID was associated with GDP and urbanisation. Regions with the highest prevalence of young PWID (aged FUNDING: Australian National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, Open Society Foundation, WHO, the Global Fund, UNAIDS, National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit for Evaluation of Interventions, Wellcome Trust. |
| Domaine : | Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs |
| Sous-type de document : | Méta-analyse / Meta-analysis ; Revue de la littérature / Literature review |
| Refs biblio. : | 30 |
| Affiliation : | Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK |
| Lien : | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214109X19304620 |
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