Historique
Article de Périodique
Cocaine use is declining among emerging adults in the United States: Trends by college enrollment (2019)
Auteur(s) :
SCHNEIDER, K. E. ;
JOHNSON, J. K. ;
JOHNSON, R. M.
Année :
2019
Page(s) :
35-38
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology)
Thésaurus géographique
ETATS-UNIS
Thésaurus mots-clés
COCAINE
;
JEUNE ADULTE
;
EVOLUTION
;
MILIEU ETUDIANT
;
ETUDE TRANSVERSALE
;
PREVALENCE
;
ADOLESCENT
;
LOGEMENT
;
FACTEUR DE RISQUE
;
ENVIRONNEMENT
Autres mots-clés
Résumé :
BACKGROUND: The difference in cocaine use between student and non-student emerging adults is not well understood, despite the longstanding assumption that college is protective against use.
OBJECTIVE: To describe trends in cocaine use among emerging adults by college enrollment.
METHODS: Using cross-sectional, nationally-representative data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2002-2016), we estimated the prevalence of four cocaine use indicators by year among emerging adults (ages 18-22) and stratified by college enrollment. We tested for linear and quadratic trends over time.
RESULTS: From 2002 to 2016, 11.7% reported lifetime cocaine use, 5.8% reported past 12-month use, 1.7% reported past 30-day use, and 1% had a use disorder in the past 12-months. We observed significant linear decreases in all four use indicators over time (Lifetime: beta=-0.20, Past 12-months: beta=-0.17, Past 30-days: beta=-0.22, Past 12-months disorder: beta=-0.37). Students had lower rates of cocaine use than non-students, although prevalence estimates were more similar between groups for past 12-month (Students: 5.3%, 95% CI: 5.0-5.5; Non-students: 6.3%, 95% CI:6.1-6.5) and past 30-day use (Students: 1.6%, 95% CI: 1.4-1.7; Non-students: 1.8%, 95% CI: 1.7-1.9) than for lifetime use (Students: 9.4%, 95% CI: 9.1-9.7; Non-students: 13.8%, 95% CI: 13.5-14.1).
CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine use has declined among emerging adults since the early 2000s. The college environment appears compensate for early life differences in cocaine use risk between students and non-students, closing the gap between groups for recent indicators of cocaine use. Given the severe health consequences associated with cocaine use, more public health attention to this issue is needed.
Highlights:
Cocaine use declined among emerging adults in the United States between 2002 and 2016.
Non-students had higher rates of lifetime cocaine use than students.
Students and non-students had more similar rates of past 12-month and 30-day use.
Rates of cocaine use converged between the groups, as students' declines decelerated.
OBJECTIVE: To describe trends in cocaine use among emerging adults by college enrollment.
METHODS: Using cross-sectional, nationally-representative data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2002-2016), we estimated the prevalence of four cocaine use indicators by year among emerging adults (ages 18-22) and stratified by college enrollment. We tested for linear and quadratic trends over time.
RESULTS: From 2002 to 2016, 11.7% reported lifetime cocaine use, 5.8% reported past 12-month use, 1.7% reported past 30-day use, and 1% had a use disorder in the past 12-months. We observed significant linear decreases in all four use indicators over time (Lifetime: beta=-0.20, Past 12-months: beta=-0.17, Past 30-days: beta=-0.22, Past 12-months disorder: beta=-0.37). Students had lower rates of cocaine use than non-students, although prevalence estimates were more similar between groups for past 12-month (Students: 5.3%, 95% CI: 5.0-5.5; Non-students: 6.3%, 95% CI:6.1-6.5) and past 30-day use (Students: 1.6%, 95% CI: 1.4-1.7; Non-students: 1.8%, 95% CI: 1.7-1.9) than for lifetime use (Students: 9.4%, 95% CI: 9.1-9.7; Non-students: 13.8%, 95% CI: 13.5-14.1).
CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine use has declined among emerging adults since the early 2000s. The college environment appears compensate for early life differences in cocaine use risk between students and non-students, closing the gap between groups for recent indicators of cocaine use. Given the severe health consequences associated with cocaine use, more public health attention to this issue is needed.
Highlights:
Cocaine use declined among emerging adults in the United States between 2002 and 2016.
Non-students had higher rates of lifetime cocaine use than students.
Students and non-students had more similar rates of past 12-month and 30-day use.
Rates of cocaine use converged between the groups, as students' declines decelerated.
Affiliation :
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Baltimore, MD, USA