Titre : | Do "moderate" drinkers have reduced mortality risk? A systematic review and meta-analysis of alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality (2016) |
Auteurs : | T. STOCKWELL ; J. ZHAO ; S. PANWAR ; A. ROEMER ; T. NAIMI ; T. CHIKRITZHS |
Type de document : | Article : Périodique |
Dans : | Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs (Vol.77, n°2, March 2016) |
Article en page(s) : | 185-198 |
Langues: | Anglais |
Discipline : | EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology) |
Mots-clés : |
Thésaurus mots-clés ALCOOL ; USAGE MODERE ; MORTALITE ; ABSTINENCE ; FACTEUR DE RISQUE |
Résumé : |
OBJECTIVE: Previous meta-analyses of cohort studies indicate a J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and allcause mortality, with reduced risk for low-volume drinkers. However, low-volume drinkers may appear healthy only because the "abstainers" with whom they are compared are biased toward ill health. The purpose of this study was to determine whether misclassifying former and occasional drinkers as abstainers and other potentially confounding study characteristics underlie observed positive health outcomes for lowvolume drinkers in prospective studies of all-cause mortality.
METHOD: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis of studies investigating alcohol use and mortality risk after controlling for quality-related study characteristics was conducted in a population of 3,998,626 individuals, among whom 367,103 deaths were recorded. RESULTS: Without adjustment, meta-analysis of all 87 included studies replicated the classic J-shaped curve, with low-volume drinkers (1.3-24.9 g ethanol per day) having reduced mortality risk (RR = 0.86, 95% CI [0.83, 0.90]). Occasional drinkers ( CONCLUSIONS: Estimates of mortality risk from alcohol are significantly altered by study design and characteristics. Meta-analyses adjusting for these factors find that low-volume alcohol consumption has no net mortality benefit compared with lifetime abstention or occasional drinking. These findings have implications for public policy, the formulation of low-risk drinking guidelines, and future research on alcohol and health. |
Domaine : | Alcool / Alcohol |
Sous-type de document : | Méta-analyse / Meta-analysis ; Revue de la littérature / Literature review |
Affiliation : | Centre for Addictions Research of BC, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada |
Cote : | Abonnement |
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