Titre : | From DSM-IV to DSM-5 alcohol use disorder: An overview of epidemiological data (2015) |
Auteurs : | F. BARTOLI ; G. CARRA ; C. CROCAMO ; M. CLERICI |
Type de document : | Article : Périodique |
Dans : | Addictive Behaviors (Vol.41, February 2015) |
Article en page(s) : | 46-50 |
Langues: | Anglais |
Discipline : | PRO (Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods) |
Mots-clés : |
Thésaurus mots-clés DSM (III,IV,5) ; ALCOOL ; PREVALENCE ; DIAGNOSTIC |
Résumé : |
Introduction: The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) has made several changes to criteria for alcohol use disorder (AUD). The objective of this systematic review is to assess if new DSM-5 diagnostic criteria will increase the prevalence rates of AUD in clinical and non-clinical samples as compared with DSM-IV criteria.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO (via ProQuest) electronic databases, with no language restrictions. We included studies with data available on both DSM-IV (and DSM-IV-TR) and DSM-5 AUD in samples of adults, estimating from each study an expected increase in prevalence rates with relevant 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Twelve studies were included in this review. Seven studies showed an increase, two no substantial difference, and three a decrease in AUD prevalence according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, with differences in rates (95% CIs) varying between -12.4% (-27.4 to +5.6%) and +61.3% (+46.7 to +77.3%). Additional analyses provided confirmatory results. Conclusions: DSM-5 diagnostic criteria seem to inflate prevalence rates of AUD as compared with DSM-IV. The increasing likelihood of a DSM-5 AUD diagnosis may be explained by the amount of DSM-IV ‘diagnostic orphans’ which are more prevalent than DSM-IV single-criterion alcohol abuse individuals. Further research should be aimed to study if similar trends are detectable also for other substance use disorders that experienced similar changes in DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Highlights: We assessed the epidemiological impact of DSM-5 criteria for AUD. We reviewed available studies with data on both DSM-IV and DSM-5 AUD. DSM-5 may imply an increase in prevalence rates of AUD. |
Domaine : | Alcool / Alcohol |
Sous-type de document : | Revue de la littérature / Literature review |
Affiliation : | Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK |
Accueil