Titre : | Prevalence of alcohol and other drugs in fatally injured drivers (2013) |
Auteurs : | J. E. BRADY ; G. LI |
Type de document : | Article : Périodique |
Dans : | Addiction (Vol.108, n°1, January 2013) |
Article en page(s) : | 104-114 |
Langues: | Anglais |
Discipline : | EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology) |
Mots-clés : |
Thésaurus géographique ETATS-UNISThésaurus mots-clés CONDUITE DE VEHICULE ; ACCIDENT ; ALCOOL ; CANNABIS ; MEDICAMENTS ; PREVALENCE ; POLYCONSOMMATION ; TOXICOLOGIE |
Résumé : |
Aim: This study aims to examine the prevalence of alcohol and/or other drugs (AOD) in a large sample of fatally injured drivers.
Design: Using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System for 2005-09, the authors examined the prevalence of AOD detected in fatally injured drivers in the United States. Setting: Fatal motor vehicle crashes occurring on public roads. Participants Drivers who died within 1 hour of the crash in 14 states that performed toxicological testing on more than 80% of these drivers. Measurements: The prevalence of AOD and multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR). Findings: Of the 20 150 fatally injured drivers studied, 57.3% tested positive for AOD, including 19.9% being positive for two or more substances. Alcohol was the most commonly detected substance, present in 40.2% of the fatally injured drivers, followed by cannabinols (10.5%), stimulants (9.0%), narcotics (5.7%) and depressants (4.0%). Multivariable analysis revealed that AOD was significantly more prevalent among drivers who died in single-vehicle crashes [aPR 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.62-1.76] or night-time crashes (aPR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.39-1.47), or who had a driving-while-intoxicated conviction within the past 3 years (aPR 1.41, 95% CI: 1.35-1.47), and less prevalent among drivers who were 65 years or older (aPR 0.45, 95% CI: 0.42-0.49), Asian (aPR 0.47, 95% CI 0.41-0.53) or female (aPR 0.88, 95% CI: 0.85-0.91) or who were operating a motor carrier (aPR 0.41, 95% CI 0.34-0.48). Conclusions: More than half of fatally injured drivers in the United States had been using AOD and approximately 20% had been using polydrugs. The prevalence of AOD use varies significantly with driver and crash characteristics. KEY FINDINGS: More than half of fatally injured drivers in the United States between 2005 and 2009 had been using alcohol and/or other drugs, and approximately 20% had been using two or more drugs at one time. |
Domaine : | Alcool / Alcohol ; Autres substances / Other substances ; Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs |
Refs biblio. : | 61 |
Affiliation : | Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA |
Cote : | Abonnement |
Lien : | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03993.x |
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