Titre : | Prevalence of drug abuse among workers: Strengths and pitfalls of the recent Italian Workplace Drug Testing (WDT) legislation (2012) |
Auteurs : | I. KAZANGA ; S. TAMENI ; A. PICCINOTTI ; I. FLORIS ; G. ZANCHETTI ; A. POLETTINI |
Type de document : | Article : Périodique |
Dans : | Forensic Science International (Vol.215, n°1-3, 10 February 2012) |
Article en page(s) : | 46-50 |
Langues: | Anglais |
Discipline : | PRO (Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods) |
Mots-clés : |
Thésaurus géographique ITALIEThésaurus mots-clés MILIEU PROFESSIONNEL ; PREVALENCE ; DEPISTAGE ; URINE ; PRODUIT ILLICITE ; TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL ; COCAINE ; OPIOIDES ; PRODUIT DE SUBSTITUTION |
Résumé : |
Background - In 2008 a Workplace Drug Testing (WDT) law became effective in Italy for workers involved in public/private transportation, oil/gas companies, and explosives/fireworks industry with the aim to ensure public safety for the community.
Aims - To examine and elaborate WDT data collected on a large group of workers (over 43,500) during March 2009-February 2010 in order to highlight pros and cons and to draw suggestions for policies in the field. Setting - Northern Italy. Methods - After Results - The positive rate was 2.0%, THC being most frequent drug (1.3%; cocaine, 0.4%; opioids, 0.3%). 6.9% of the positive workers tested positive for >=2 classes (most often THC + cocaine). Gender ratio and mean age were significantly lower in positives (F/M = 0.007; 35.5 ± 8.3 years) than negatives (0.016 and 40.7 ± 9.5, respectively). No decline in rates of positives and an increase of diluted samples over time were observed. The highest rates of positives were detected when sampling was performed just before/after week-end and during morning hours. Possible correlation between job type and drugs used were observed (e.g. more cocaine positives among road vehicle-drivers than among lift truck-drivers). Declared use of medicine/illicit drugs during the preceding week showed that illicit drug use was likely not always detected in urine and that almost 4% workers declared use of medicine drugs possibly affecting performance. Conclusions - This survey enabled to evidence relevant pitfalls of the law and to define strategies to improve the outcomes of WDT policies. |
Domaine : | Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs |
Refs biblio. : | 26 |
Affiliation : | Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico Borgoroma, Verona, Italy |
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