Titre : | Changes in illicit drug consumption patterns in 2009 detected by wastewater analysis (2011) |
Auteurs : | E. ZUCCATO ; S. CASTIGLIONI ; M. TETTAMANTI ; R. OLANDESE ; R. BAGNATI ; M. MELIS ; R. FANELLI |
Type de document : | Article : Périodique |
Dans : | Drug and Alcohol Dependence (Vol.118, n°2-3, November 2011) |
Article en page(s) : | 464-469 |
Langues: | Anglais |
Discipline : | PRO (Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods) |
Mots-clés : |
Thésaurus géographique ITALIEThésaurus mots-clés PRODUIT ILLICITE ; EAUX USEES ; ANALYSE CHIMIQUE ; EVOLUTION ; COCAINE ; HEROINE ; TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL ; METHAMPHETAMINE ; CONSOMMATION |
Résumé : |
Background: Wastewater analysis can provide estimates of illicit drug (ID) consumption in local communities.
Methods: We used repeated raw wastewater analysis in urban wastewater treatment plants to estimate loads of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and cannabis consumed daily by the inhabitants of two cities in Northern Italy, Milan and Como, from 2005 to 2009. Results: Daily cocaine loads did not change in Milan from 2005 to 2008 but fell 45% in 2009 (ANOVA, p Conclusions: Results suggest a trend toward a decrease in consumption of costly ID, such as cocaine and heroin. This might be due to a reduction in the number of consumers and/or to a change in their behaviour since there was also an increase in the consumption of less expensive ID. This itself might reflect a drop in consumers' money supply, caused by the economic crisis. Wastewater analysis was useful to estimate ID consumption levels in local communities in real time and promptly identify changes in trends. |
Domaine : | Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs |
Affiliation : | Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy |
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