Historique
Périodique
The neurobiology of addiction
(La neurobiologie de l'addiction)
Auteur(s) :
R. MALDONADO
Article en page(s) :
1-14
Sous-type de document :
Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Refs biblio. :
96
Domaine :
Plusieurs produits / Several products
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Discipline :
PRO (Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods)
Thésaurus mots-clés
NEUROBIOLOGIE
;
ADDICTION
;
METABOLISME
;
PSYCHOLOGIE
;
INITIATION
;
SEVRAGE
;
ADAPTATION
;
INTERACTION CHIMIQUE
Note générale :
Journal of Neural Transmission, 2003, suppl 66, 1-14
Résumé :
ENGLISH :
Drug addiction includes complex neurobiological and behavioural processes. Acute reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse are responsible for the initiation of drug addiction, whereas the negative consequences of drug abstinence have a crucial motivational significance for relapse and maintenance of the addictive process. The mesocorticolimbic system represents a common neuronal substrate for the reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse. Both dopamine and opioid transmission play a crucial role in this reward pathway. Common neuronal changes have also been reported during the abstinence to different drugs of abuse that could underlie the negative motivational effects of withdrawal. These changes include decreased dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic system and a recruitment of the brain stress pathways. All drugs of abuse interact with these brain circuits by acting on different molecular and neurochemical mechanisms. The existence of bidirectional interactions between different drugs of abuse, such as opioids and cannabinoids, provides further findings to support this common neurobiological substrate for drug addictive processes. (Author's abstract.)
ENGLISH :
Drug addiction includes complex neurobiological and behavioural processes. Acute reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse are responsible for the initiation of drug addiction, whereas the negative consequences of drug abstinence have a crucial motivational significance for relapse and maintenance of the addictive process. The mesocorticolimbic system represents a common neuronal substrate for the reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse. Both dopamine and opioid transmission play a crucial role in this reward pathway. Common neuronal changes have also been reported during the abstinence to different drugs of abuse that could underlie the negative motivational effects of withdrawal. These changes include decreased dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic system and a recruitment of the brain stress pathways. All drugs of abuse interact with these brain circuits by acting on different molecular and neurochemical mechanisms. The existence of bidirectional interactions between different drugs of abuse, such as opioids and cannabinoids, provides further findings to support this common neurobiological substrate for drug addictive processes. (Author's abstract.)
Affiliation :
Laboratori de Neurofarmacologia, Facultat de Ciencès de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Dr Aiguador 80, E-08003 Barcelona ; rafael.maldonado@cexs.upf.es
Espagne. Spain.
Espagne. Spain.
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