[article] 
inDrug and Alcohol Dependence > Vol.219 (February 2021) . - art. 108415

Titre :	Alcohol excise taxes as a percentage of retail alcohol prices in 26 OECD countries
Type de document :	Périodique
Auteurs :	A. P. NGO ; X. WANG ; S. SLATER ; J. F. CHRIQUI ; F. J. CHALOUPKA ; L. YANG ; L. SMITH ; Q. LI ; C. SHANG
Année de publication :	2021
Article en page(s) :	art. 108415
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique INTERNATIONAL Thésaurus TOXIBASE ALCOOL ; TAXE ; PRIX ; ECONOMIE ; BOISSON ALCOOLISEE ; EVOLUTION ; BIERE ; VIN ; SPIRITUEUX
Domaine :	Alcool / Alcohol
Discipline :	SAN Santé publique / Public health
Résumé :	Background: Many countries have implemented alcohol excise taxes. However, measures of excise taxes as a percentage of alcohol prices have not been systematically studied. Methods: Data on the retail prices of alcoholic beverages sold in stores and excise taxes in 26 countries during 2003-2018 was from the Economist Intelligence Unit price city data and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) tax database. The percentages of excise taxes in off-premise retail prices were derived as the ratio of taxes to prices at different price levels. Changes of excise taxes over time were assessed using negative binominal regressions. Results: The percentage of excise taxes in average off-premise alcohol prices was from 5 % in Luxembourg to 59 % in Iceland for beer, and from 0 % in France to 26 % in Iceland for wine. Excise taxes accounted for 5% of discount liquor prices in Czech Republic to 41 % in Sweden for Cognac, for 19 % in the United States (US) to 67 % in Sweden for Gin, for 13 % in the US to 63 % in Australia for Scotch Whisky six years old, and for 6 % in Iceland to 76 % in Sweden for Liqueur Cointreau. There were no significant changes in the percentage of excise taxes in alcohol prices over time in most countries except for Nordic countries. While wine had the lowest excise taxes, liquors had the highest tax burden. Conclusion: Tax burden on alcoholic beverages is low in OECD countries, indicating ample room for increasing alcohol excise taxes, particularly for beer and wine in those countries. Highlights: • Measures of excise taxes as a percentage of alcohol prices have not been systematically studied. • Trend of excise taxes as a percentage of retail alcohol prices during 2003–2018 was evaluated for 26 OECD countries. • Tax burden on alcoholic beverages is low in OECD countries. • In most countries, excise taxes as a percentage of prices did not change over time. • There is ample room for increasing excise taxes, particularly for beer and wine.
Affiliation :	The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83654

[article] Alcohol excise taxes as a percentage of retail alcohol prices in 26 OECD countries [Périodique] / A. P. NGO ; X. WANG ; S. SLATER ; J. F. CHRIQUI ; F. J. CHALOUPKA ; L. YANG ; L. SMITH ; Q. LI ; C. SHANG . - 2021 . - art. 108415.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > Vol.219 (February 2021) . - art. 108415

Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique INTERNATIONAL Thésaurus TOXIBASE ALCOOL ; TAXE ; PRIX ; ECONOMIE ; BOISSON ALCOOLISEE ; EVOLUTION ; BIERE ; VIN ; SPIRITUEUX
Domaine :	Alcool / Alcohol
Discipline :	SAN Santé publique / Public health
Résumé :	Background: Many countries have implemented alcohol excise taxes. However, measures of excise taxes as a percentage of alcohol prices have not been systematically studied. Methods: Data on the retail prices of alcoholic beverages sold in stores and excise taxes in 26 countries during 2003-2018 was from the Economist Intelligence Unit price city data and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) tax database. The percentages of excise taxes in off-premise retail prices were derived as the ratio of taxes to prices at different price levels. Changes of excise taxes over time were assessed using negative binominal regressions. Results: The percentage of excise taxes in average off-premise alcohol prices was from 5 % in Luxembourg to 59 % in Iceland for beer, and from 0 % in France to 26 % in Iceland for wine. Excise taxes accounted for 5% of discount liquor prices in Czech Republic to 41 % in Sweden for Cognac, for 19 % in the United States (US) to 67 % in Sweden for Gin, for 13 % in the US to 63 % in Australia for Scotch Whisky six years old, and for 6 % in Iceland to 76 % in Sweden for Liqueur Cointreau. There were no significant changes in the percentage of excise taxes in alcohol prices over time in most countries except for Nordic countries. While wine had the lowest excise taxes, liquors had the highest tax burden. Conclusion: Tax burden on alcoholic beverages is low in OECD countries, indicating ample room for increasing alcohol excise taxes, particularly for beer and wine in those countries. Highlights: • Measures of excise taxes as a percentage of alcohol prices have not been systematically studied. • Trend of excise taxes as a percentage of retail alcohol prices during 2003–2018 was evaluated for 26 OECD countries. • Tax burden on alcoholic beverages is low in OECD countries. • In most countries, excise taxes as a percentage of prices did not change over time. • There is ample room for increasing excise taxes, particularly for beer and wine.
Affiliation :	The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83654

[article] 
inEuropean Addiction Research > Vol.27, n°1 (2021) . - 1-8

Titre :	Alcohol use and cancer in the European Union
Type de document :	Périodique
Auteurs :	J. REHM ; K. D. SHIELD
Année de publication :	2021
Article en page(s) :	1-8
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique UNION EUROPEENNE ; EUROPE Thésaurus TOXIBASE ALCOOL ; CANCER ; CAUSE DE DECES ; MORBIDITE ; FACTEUR DE RISQUE ; PATHOLOGIE ORGANIQUE ; MORTALITE
Mots-clés :	CIM-10
Domaine :	Alcool / Alcohol
Discipline :	PAT Pathologie organique / Organic pathology
Résumé :	BACKGROUND: Cancers constitute a major non-communicable disease category globally and in the European Union (EU). SUMMARY: Alcohol use has been established as a major cause of cancer in humans. Principal cancer agencies agree that the following cancer sites are causally impacted by alcohol: lip and oral cavity, pharynx (excluding nasopharynx), oesophagus, colon and rectum, liver, (female) breast, and larynx. For all of these cancer sites, there is a dose-response relationship with no apparent threshold: the higher the average level of consumption, the higher the risk of cancer incidence. In the EU in 2016, about 80,000 people died of alcohol-attributable cancer, and about 1.9 million years of life were lost due to premature mortality or due to disability. KEY MESSAGES: Given the above-described impact of alcohol on cancer, public awareness about the alcohol-cancer link needs to be increased. In addition, effective alcohol policy measures should be implemented. As a large part of alcohol-attributable cancers are in low and moderate alcohol users, in particular for females, general population measures such as increases in taxation, restrictions on availability, and bans on marketing and advertisement are best suited to reduce the alcohol-attributable cancer burden.
Sous-type de document :	Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Refs biblio. :	68
Affiliation :	Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Cote :	Abonnement
Lien :	https://doi.org/10.1159/000507017
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83651

[article] Alcohol use and cancer in the European Union [Périodique] / J. REHM ; K. D. SHIELD . - 2021 . - 1-8.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in European Addiction Research > Vol.27, n°1 (2021) . - 1-8

Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique UNION EUROPEENNE ; EUROPE Thésaurus TOXIBASE ALCOOL ; CANCER ; CAUSE DE DECES ; MORBIDITE ; FACTEUR DE RISQUE ; PATHOLOGIE ORGANIQUE ; MORTALITE
Mots-clés :	CIM-10
Domaine :	Alcool / Alcohol
Discipline :	PAT Pathologie organique / Organic pathology
Résumé :	BACKGROUND: Cancers constitute a major non-communicable disease category globally and in the European Union (EU). SUMMARY: Alcohol use has been established as a major cause of cancer in humans. Principal cancer agencies agree that the following cancer sites are causally impacted by alcohol: lip and oral cavity, pharynx (excluding nasopharynx), oesophagus, colon and rectum, liver, (female) breast, and larynx. For all of these cancer sites, there is a dose-response relationship with no apparent threshold: the higher the average level of consumption, the higher the risk of cancer incidence. In the EU in 2016, about 80,000 people died of alcohol-attributable cancer, and about 1.9 million years of life were lost due to premature mortality or due to disability. KEY MESSAGES: Given the above-described impact of alcohol on cancer, public awareness about the alcohol-cancer link needs to be increased. In addition, effective alcohol policy measures should be implemented. As a large part of alcohol-attributable cancers are in low and moderate alcohol users, in particular for females, general population measures such as increases in taxation, restrictions on availability, and bans on marketing and advertisement are best suited to reduce the alcohol-attributable cancer burden.
Sous-type de document :	Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Refs biblio. :	68
Affiliation :	Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
Cote :	Abonnement
Lien :	https://doi.org/10.1159/000507017
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83651

[article] 
inDrug and Alcohol Review > Vol.40, n°1 (January 2021) . - 126-134

Titre :	Are the well-off youth in Sweden more likely to use cannabis?
Type de document :	Périodique
Auteurs :	I. GRIPE ; A. K. DANIELSSON ; P. KARLSSON ; S. THOR ; M. RAMSTEDT
Année de publication :	2021
Article en page(s) :	126-134
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique SUEDE Thésaurus TOXIBASE ADOLESCENT ; CANNABIS ; CATEGORIE SOCIO-PROFESSIONNELLE ; PARENT ; ETUDE TRANSVERSALE ; NIVEAU D'ETUDES ; FACTEUR DE RISQUE
Domaine :	Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :	EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology
Résumé :	INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Results from previous research are inconsistent regarding the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and cannabis use among adolescents. Since there are risks associated with cannabis use, a social gradient in cannabis use may contribute to reproducing socioeconomic differences in life opportunities. The aim of this study was to assess the association between childhood SES and cannabis use among youth in Sweden. DESIGN AND METHODS: We used repeated cross-sectional data from three waves (2014-2016) of the Swedish national school survey among 11th graders. The analysis encompassed 9497 individuals in 668 school classes. Childhood SES was measured through parents' highest education, as reported by the students. Cannabis use was measured in terms of lifetime use and frequency of use. Data were analysed using multi-level mixed-effects Poisson regression. RESULTS: Adolescents with at least 1 parent with university/college education had 17% (incidence rate ratio 1.17, confidence interval 1.05, 1.30) higher risk of lifetime use of cannabis compared with those whose parents had no university/college education, adjusting for sex, SES of the school environment, academic orientation, truancy, risk assessment and parental permissiveness. Among life-time users of cannabis, risk for frequent cannabis use was 28% (incidence rate ratio 0.72, confidence interval 0.53, 0.97) lower for those with at least 1 parent with university or college education. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Childhood SES, in terms of parental education, was associated with cannabis use among Swedish adolescents. Adolescents from families with lower SES were less likely to ever try cannabis, but at higher risk for frequent use.
Refs biblio. :	45
Affiliation :	Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Lien :	https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13139
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83625

[article] Are the well-off youth in Sweden more likely to use cannabis? [Périodique] / I. GRIPE ; A. K. DANIELSSON ; P. KARLSSON ; S. THOR ; M. RAMSTEDT . - 2021 . - 126-134.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Drug and Alcohol Review > Vol.40, n°1 (January 2021) . - 126-134

Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique SUEDE Thésaurus TOXIBASE ADOLESCENT ; CANNABIS ; CATEGORIE SOCIO-PROFESSIONNELLE ; PARENT ; ETUDE TRANSVERSALE ; NIVEAU D'ETUDES ; FACTEUR DE RISQUE
Domaine :	Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :	EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology
Résumé :	INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Results from previous research are inconsistent regarding the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and cannabis use among adolescents. Since there are risks associated with cannabis use, a social gradient in cannabis use may contribute to reproducing socioeconomic differences in life opportunities. The aim of this study was to assess the association between childhood SES and cannabis use among youth in Sweden. DESIGN AND METHODS: We used repeated cross-sectional data from three waves (2014-2016) of the Swedish national school survey among 11th graders. The analysis encompassed 9497 individuals in 668 school classes. Childhood SES was measured through parents' highest education, as reported by the students. Cannabis use was measured in terms of lifetime use and frequency of use. Data were analysed using multi-level mixed-effects Poisson regression. RESULTS: Adolescents with at least 1 parent with university/college education had 17% (incidence rate ratio 1.17, confidence interval 1.05, 1.30) higher risk of lifetime use of cannabis compared with those whose parents had no university/college education, adjusting for sex, SES of the school environment, academic orientation, truancy, risk assessment and parental permissiveness. Among life-time users of cannabis, risk for frequent cannabis use was 28% (incidence rate ratio 0.72, confidence interval 0.53, 0.97) lower for those with at least 1 parent with university or college education. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Childhood SES, in terms of parental education, was associated with cannabis use among Swedish adolescents. Adolescents from families with lower SES were less likely to ever try cannabis, but at higher risk for frequent use.
Refs biblio. :	45
Affiliation :	Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Lien :	https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13139
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83625

[article] 
inTobacco Control > Vol.30, n°1 (January 2021) . - 71-76

Titre :	Association between electronic cigarette use and smoking cessation in the European Union in 2017: analysis of a representative sample of 13 057 Europeans from 28 countries
Type de document :	Périodique
Auteurs :	K. E. FARSALINOS ; A. BARBOUNI
Année de publication :	2021
Article en page(s) :	71-76
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique EUROPE ; UNION EUROPEENNE Thésaurus TOXIBASE CIGARETTE ELECTRONIQUE ; SEVRAGE ; TABAC ; ETUDE TRANSVERSALE ; ANCIEN FUMEUR ; ABSTINENCE
Domaine :	Tabac / Tobacco
Discipline :	EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology
Résumé :	OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and smoking cessation in the European Union (EU) in 2017 according to e-cigarette use frequency and smoking cessation duration. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of EU citizens, representative of the population (Special Eurobarometer 458). Weighted proportions (95% CI) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) were calculated. SETTING: EU. PARTICIPANTS: 13 057 EU citizens aged >=15 years (6904 current and 6153 former smokers). RESULTS: Current daily e-cigarette use was reported by 2.4% (1.8%-3.1%) of current and 3.3% (2.5%-4.2%) of former smokers (p=0.002), while former daily use was reported by 5.6% (4.7%-6.8%) and 1.9% (1.3%-2.7%), respectively (p<0.001). More than half of all former smokers had quit for >10 years. Current daily e-cigarette use was rare among former smokers of >10 years (0.2%, 0.1%-0.6%) and was more prevalent in former smokers of 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: Current daily e-cigarette use in the EU in 2017 was rare among former smokers of >10 years and was positively associated with recent (
Refs biblio. :	30
Affiliation :	Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Kallithea, Greece
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83663

[article] Association between electronic cigarette use and smoking cessation in the European Union in 2017: analysis of a representative sample of 13 057 Europeans from 28 countries [Périodique] / K. E. FARSALINOS ; A. BARBOUNI . - 2021 . - 71-76.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Tobacco Control > Vol.30, n°1 (January 2021) . - 71-76

Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique EUROPE ; UNION EUROPEENNE Thésaurus TOXIBASE CIGARETTE ELECTRONIQUE ; SEVRAGE ; TABAC ; ETUDE TRANSVERSALE ; ANCIEN FUMEUR ; ABSTINENCE
Domaine :	Tabac / Tobacco
Discipline :	EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology
Résumé :	OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and smoking cessation in the European Union (EU) in 2017 according to e-cigarette use frequency and smoking cessation duration. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of EU citizens, representative of the population (Special Eurobarometer 458). Weighted proportions (95% CI) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) were calculated. SETTING: EU. PARTICIPANTS: 13 057 EU citizens aged >=15 years (6904 current and 6153 former smokers). RESULTS: Current daily e-cigarette use was reported by 2.4% (1.8%-3.1%) of current and 3.3% (2.5%-4.2%) of former smokers (p=0.002), while former daily use was reported by 5.6% (4.7%-6.8%) and 1.9% (1.3%-2.7%), respectively (p<0.001). More than half of all former smokers had quit for >10 years. Current daily e-cigarette use was rare among former smokers of >10 years (0.2%, 0.1%-0.6%) and was more prevalent in former smokers of 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: Current daily e-cigarette use in the EU in 2017 was rare among former smokers of >10 years and was positively associated with recent (
Refs biblio. :	30
Affiliation :	Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Kallithea, Greece
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83663

[article] 
inTobacco Control > Vol.30, n°1 (January 2021) . - 111-113

Titre :	Associations between cigarette prices and consumption in Europe 2004-2014
Type de document :	Périodique
Auteurs :	A. A. LAVERTY ; C. MILLETT ; F. T. FILIPPIDIS
Année de publication :	2021
Article en page(s) :	111-113
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique EUROPE Thésaurus TOXIBASE TABAC ; CIGARETTE ; PRIX ; TAXE ; CONSOMMATION ; EVOLUTION ; EFFICACITE ; LUTTE
Domaine :	Tabac / Tobacco
Discipline :	SAN Santé publique / Public health
Résumé :	INTRODUCTION: Increases in tobacco price are known to reduce smoking prevalence, but these correlations may be blunted by the availability of budget cigarettes, promoted by the tobacco industry to maintain profits. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of budget cigarettes on cigarette consumption using data from Europe 2004-2014. METHODS: Data on the annual population-weighted cigarette consumption per adult come from the International Cigarette Consumption Database. Data on the annual tobacco price come from Euromonitor International for 23 European countries. Median prices and price differentials (operationalised as percentages obtained by dividing the difference between median and minimum prices by the median price) were examined. A linear random-effects model was used to assess associations between median prices and price differentials with cigarette consumption within 1 year and with a 1-year time lag. RESULTS: Cigarette consumption per capita declined over the study period (-29.5 cigarettes per capita per year, 95% confidence interval -46.8 to -12.1). The analysis suggests that increases in cigarette price differentials, a marker of opportunities for smokers to switch to less expensive cigarettes, may be associated with greater consumption in the same year (6.4 for a 10% increase in differential, -40.0 to 52.6) and are associated with greater consumption in the following year (67.6, 25.8 to 109.5). CONCLUSION: These analyses suggest that even in Europe, where tobacco taxes are relatively high compared with other regions, differential cigarette pricing strategies may undermine tobacco control. Further research is needed on links between tobacco price structures and consumption, and policy design to maximise the effectiveness of tobacco taxation.
Refs biblio. :	21
Affiliation :	Public health policy evaluation unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, London, UK
Lien :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055299
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83664

[article] Associations between cigarette prices and consumption in Europe 2004-2014 [Périodique] / A. A. LAVERTY ; C. MILLETT ; F. T. FILIPPIDIS . - 2021 . - 111-113.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Tobacco Control > Vol.30, n°1 (January 2021) . - 111-113

Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique EUROPE Thésaurus TOXIBASE TABAC ; CIGARETTE ; PRIX ; TAXE ; CONSOMMATION ; EVOLUTION ; EFFICACITE ; LUTTE
Domaine :	Tabac / Tobacco
Discipline :	SAN Santé publique / Public health
Résumé :	INTRODUCTION: Increases in tobacco price are known to reduce smoking prevalence, but these correlations may be blunted by the availability of budget cigarettes, promoted by the tobacco industry to maintain profits. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of budget cigarettes on cigarette consumption using data from Europe 2004-2014. METHODS: Data on the annual population-weighted cigarette consumption per adult come from the International Cigarette Consumption Database. Data on the annual tobacco price come from Euromonitor International for 23 European countries. Median prices and price differentials (operationalised as percentages obtained by dividing the difference between median and minimum prices by the median price) were examined. A linear random-effects model was used to assess associations between median prices and price differentials with cigarette consumption within 1 year and with a 1-year time lag. RESULTS: Cigarette consumption per capita declined over the study period (-29.5 cigarettes per capita per year, 95% confidence interval -46.8 to -12.1). The analysis suggests that increases in cigarette price differentials, a marker of opportunities for smokers to switch to less expensive cigarettes, may be associated with greater consumption in the same year (6.4 for a 10% increase in differential, -40.0 to 52.6) and are associated with greater consumption in the following year (67.6, 25.8 to 109.5). CONCLUSION: These analyses suggest that even in Europe, where tobacco taxes are relatively high compared with other regions, differential cigarette pricing strategies may undermine tobacco control. Further research is needed on links between tobacco price structures and consumption, and policy design to maximise the effectiveness of tobacco taxation.
Refs biblio. :	21
Affiliation :	Public health policy evaluation unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, London, UK
Lien :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055299
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83664

[article] 
inTherapies > Vol.76, n°1 (Janvier-Février 2021) . - 53-54

Titre :	Augmentation des complications sanitaires graves lors de l'usage non-médical du protoxyde d'azote en France
Type de document :	Périodique
Auteurs :	J. MICALLEF ; M. MALLARET ; M. LAPEYRE-MESTRE ; A. DAVELUY ; C. VICTORRI-VIGNEAU ; H. PEYRIÈRE ; D. DEBRUYNE ; S. DEHEUL ; R. BORDET ; C. CHEVALLIER ; M. C. PERAULT-POCHAT ; R. LE BOISSELIER ; F. LIBERT ; L. CHAOUACHI ; P. GILLET ; Association française des centres d'addictovigilance
Année de publication :	2021
Article en page(s) :	53-54
Langues :	Français (fre)
Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique FRANCE Thésaurus TOXIBASE PROTOXYDE D'AZOTE ; EFFET SECONDAIRE ; FACTEUR DE RISQUE ; USAGE DETOURNE
Domaine :	Autres substances / Other substances
Discipline :	PRO Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods
Résumé :	L'Association française des centres d'addictovigilance alerte sur l'augmentation de l'usage non-médical du protoxyde d'azote en France et sur l'augmentation des complications sanitaires graves, notamment des atteintes neurologiques sévères survenues dans le cadre d'une consommation massive et/ou prolongée de ce protoxyde d'azote. [Extrait]
Refs biblio. :	5
Affiliation :	CEIP-Addictovigilance Marseille, Marseille, France
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83661

[article] Augmentation des complications sanitaires graves lors de l'usage non-médical du protoxyde d'azote en France [Périodique] / J. MICALLEF ; M. MALLARET ; M. LAPEYRE-MESTRE ; A. DAVELUY ; C. VICTORRI-VIGNEAU ; H. PEYRIÈRE ; D. DEBRUYNE ; S. DEHEUL ; R. BORDET ; C. CHEVALLIER ; M. C. PERAULT-POCHAT ; R. LE BOISSELIER ; F. LIBERT ; L. CHAOUACHI ; P. GILLET ; Association française des centres d'addictovigilance . - 2021 . - 53-54.
Langues : Français (fre)
in Therapies > Vol.76, n°1 (Janvier-Février 2021) . - 53-54

Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique FRANCE Thésaurus TOXIBASE PROTOXYDE D'AZOTE ; EFFET SECONDAIRE ; FACTEUR DE RISQUE ; USAGE DETOURNE
Domaine :	Autres substances / Other substances
Discipline :	PRO Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods
Résumé :	L'Association française des centres d'addictovigilance alerte sur l'augmentation de l'usage non-médical du protoxyde d'azote en France et sur l'augmentation des complications sanitaires graves, notamment des atteintes neurologiques sévères survenues dans le cadre d'une consommation massive et/ou prolongée de ce protoxyde d'azote. [Extrait]
Refs biblio. :	5
Affiliation :	CEIP-Addictovigilance Marseille, Marseille, France
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83661

[article] 
inTherapies > Vol.76, n°1 (Janvier-Février 2021) . - 31-35

Titre :	Consommation de substances chez les jeunes : du médicament aux substances illicites
Titre traduit :	(Substance use among young people: From medicine to illicit substances)
Type de document :	Périodique
Auteurs :	M. LAPEYRE-MESTRE ; A. BOYER ; C. PONTE ; A. DAVELUY ; E. GODEAU
Année de publication :	2021
Article en page(s) :	31-35
Langues :	Français (fre)
Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique FRANCE Thésaurus TOXIBASE ADOLESCENT ; JEUNE ; ADDICTOVIGILANCE ; ALCOOL ; TABAC ; MEDICAMENTS ; CANNABIS ; ENQUETE ; HBSC ; ESPAD
Domaine :	Alcool / Alcohol ; Autres substances / Other substances ; Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs ; Tabac / Tobacco
Discipline :	EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology
Résumé :	FRANÇAIS : Cet article a pour objectif de synthétiser les principales informations présentées lors des 9es Ateliers de la pharmacodépendance et de l'addictovigilance de 2016 par trois professionnels de santé et spécialistes des addictions autour de la question de l'usage de substances psychoactives chez les jeunes. Les résultats des enquêtes réalisées en population générale, et celles spécifiques d'addictovigilance, apportent des données relatives à la consommation et aux pratiques d'usages dans cette population des 11-25 ans. L'offre de soins, essentiellement constituée par les consultations jeunes consommateurs, doit s'adapter à cette population aux conduites hétérogènes, allant de l'expérimentation à l'usage problématique, variables dans le temps et souvent dissimulées. ENGLISH: This paper aims to present the main information presented at the 9th meeting about addictovigilance in 2016 by three healthcare professionals and addiction experts on the issue of substance use in young people. The results of surveys conducted in general population and of specific addictovigilance investigations, bring information on consumption data and use patterns in this population of 11-25 years of age. The provision of care, mainly constituted by the Young consumers' consultations, has to adapt to diversified practices, ranging from experiment to substance use disorders, which vary over time and often hidden.
Refs biblio. :	13
Affiliation :	Centre d'addictovigilance, service de pharmacologie médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83659

[article] Consommation de substances chez les jeunes : du médicament aux substances illicites = (Substance use among young people: From medicine to illicit substances) [Périodique] / M. LAPEYRE-MESTRE ; A. BOYER ; C. PONTE ; A. DAVELUY ; E. GODEAU . - 2021 . - 31-35.
Langues : Français (fre)
in Therapies > Vol.76, n°1 (Janvier-Février 2021) . - 31-35

Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique FRANCE Thésaurus TOXIBASE ADOLESCENT ; JEUNE ; ADDICTOVIGILANCE ; ALCOOL ; TABAC ; MEDICAMENTS ; CANNABIS ; ENQUETE ; HBSC ; ESPAD
Domaine :	Alcool / Alcohol ; Autres substances / Other substances ; Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs ; Tabac / Tobacco
Discipline :	EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology
Résumé :	FRANÇAIS : Cet article a pour objectif de synthétiser les principales informations présentées lors des 9es Ateliers de la pharmacodépendance et de l'addictovigilance de 2016 par trois professionnels de santé et spécialistes des addictions autour de la question de l'usage de substances psychoactives chez les jeunes. Les résultats des enquêtes réalisées en population générale, et celles spécifiques d'addictovigilance, apportent des données relatives à la consommation et aux pratiques d'usages dans cette population des 11-25 ans. L'offre de soins, essentiellement constituée par les consultations jeunes consommateurs, doit s'adapter à cette population aux conduites hétérogènes, allant de l'expérimentation à l'usage problématique, variables dans le temps et souvent dissimulées. ENGLISH: This paper aims to present the main information presented at the 9th meeting about addictovigilance in 2016 by three healthcare professionals and addiction experts on the issue of substance use in young people. The results of surveys conducted in general population and of specific addictovigilance investigations, bring information on consumption data and use patterns in this population of 11-25 years of age. The provision of care, mainly constituted by the Young consumers' consultations, has to adapt to diversified practices, ranging from experiment to substance use disorders, which vary over time and often hidden.
Refs biblio. :	13
Affiliation :	Centre d'addictovigilance, service de pharmacologie médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83659

[article] 
inEuropean Addiction Research > Vol.27, n°1 (2021) . - 25-32

Titre :	Drug checking and its potential impact on substance use
Type de document :	Périodique
Auteurs :	F. BETZLER ; J. HELBIG ; L. VIOHL ; F. ERNST ; L. ROEDIGER ; S. GUTWINSKI ; A. STROHLE ; S. KOHLER
Année de publication :	2021
Article en page(s) :	25-32
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique ALLEMAGNE Thésaurus TOXIBASE MILIEU FESTIF ; TEST ; REDUCTION DES RISQUES ; PRODUIT ILLICITE ; ETUDE TRANSVERSALE ; PREVALENCE
Mots-clés :	acceptation
Domaine :	Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :	PRE Prévention / Prevention
Résumé :	OBJECTIVES: Drug checking as a tool for harm reduction is offered in certain cities throughout Europe, the USA, and Australia, but in general, it is internationally still scarcely available and controversially discussed. This study aimed at investigating the potential impact of a drug-checking offer on Berlin nightlife attendees' illicit drug use and at identifying the encouraging and discouraging factors for using or refraining from such an offer. METHODS: Using an online questionnaire, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in a Berlin party scene. A total of 719 people participated in the survey that took part in 2019. RESULTS: The vast majority of participants (92%) stated that they would use drug checking, if existent. If the test revealed the sample to contain a high amount of active ingredient, 91% indicated to take less of the substance than usual. Two-thirds (66%) would discharge the sample if it contained an unexpected/unwanted agent along with the intended substance. If the sample contained only unexpected/unwanted substances and not the intended substance at all, 93% stated to discharge the sample. Additional brief counseling was stated to be useful. Participants showed a comparatively high substance use. CONCLUSIONS: Drug checking as a harm reduction tool was highly accepted in the scene, and the majority of participants stated to align their consumption behavior accordingly, in a reasonable manner. A concomitant consultation would be appreciated, which may be used to direct educational information about harms and risks to users.
Refs biblio. :	38
Affiliation :	Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
Cote :	Abonnement
Lien :	https://doi.org/10.1159/000507049
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83652

[article] Drug checking and its potential impact on substance use [Périodique] / F. BETZLER ; J. HELBIG ; L. VIOHL ; F. ERNST ; L. ROEDIGER ; S. GUTWINSKI ; A. STROHLE ; S. KOHLER . - 2021 . - 25-32.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in European Addiction Research > Vol.27, n°1 (2021) . - 25-32

Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique ALLEMAGNE Thésaurus TOXIBASE MILIEU FESTIF ; TEST ; REDUCTION DES RISQUES ; PRODUIT ILLICITE ; ETUDE TRANSVERSALE ; PREVALENCE
Mots-clés :	acceptation
Domaine :	Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :	PRE Prévention / Prevention
Résumé :	OBJECTIVES: Drug checking as a tool for harm reduction is offered in certain cities throughout Europe, the USA, and Australia, but in general, it is internationally still scarcely available and controversially discussed. This study aimed at investigating the potential impact of a drug-checking offer on Berlin nightlife attendees' illicit drug use and at identifying the encouraging and discouraging factors for using or refraining from such an offer. METHODS: Using an online questionnaire, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in a Berlin party scene. A total of 719 people participated in the survey that took part in 2019. RESULTS: The vast majority of participants (92%) stated that they would use drug checking, if existent. If the test revealed the sample to contain a high amount of active ingredient, 91% indicated to take less of the substance than usual. Two-thirds (66%) would discharge the sample if it contained an unexpected/unwanted agent along with the intended substance. If the sample contained only unexpected/unwanted substances and not the intended substance at all, 93% stated to discharge the sample. Additional brief counseling was stated to be useful. Participants showed a comparatively high substance use. CONCLUSIONS: Drug checking as a harm reduction tool was highly accepted in the scene, and the majority of participants stated to align their consumption behavior accordingly, in a reasonable manner. A concomitant consultation would be appreciated, which may be used to direct educational information about harms and risks to users.
Refs biblio. :	38
Affiliation :	Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
Cote :	Abonnement
Lien :	https://doi.org/10.1159/000507049
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83652

[article] 
inDrug and Alcohol Dependence > Vol.219 (February 2021) . - art. 108436

Titre :	Estimates of people who injected drugs within the last 12 months in Belgium based on a capture-recapture and multiplier method
Type de document :	Périodique
Auteurs :	E. PLETTINCKX ; F. W. CRAWFORD ; J. ANTOINE ; L. GREMEAUX ; L. VAN BAELEN
Année de publication :	2021
Article en page(s) :	art. 108436
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique BELGIQUE Thésaurus TOXIBASE USAGER ; INJECTION ; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE ; METHODE ; EPIDEMIOLOGIE ; MODELE STATISTIQUE
Domaine :	Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :	EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology
Résumé :	Background: For Belgium, available estimates of the number of people who inject drugs (PWID) are based on data from more than fifteen years ago and apply only to those who report ever injecting drugs. As a result, no reliable baseline data exist to determine the scale of services for PWID. Methods: We obtained pseudo-anonymized identifier information from treatment and harm reduction service providers and a fieldwork study between February and April 2019 in Brussels. We estimated the number of PWID, defined as people who injected within the last 12 months, in Brussels using capture-recapture (CRC) methodology. To obtain national estimates, we scaled the proportion of PWID in Brussels to the total number of this population in Belgium based on two existing drug treatment registers, which were then multiplied with the result of the CRC. Results The total population of PWID is estimated to be 703 (95 %CI 538-935) for Brussels and between 6620 (95 %CI 4711-8576) and 7018 (95 %CI 4794-9527) for Belgium. Conclusions: These estimates provide crucial information to ensure that services to PWID are adequately maintained. They clearly indicate the need to maximize efforts to achieve the targets set by WHO for 2030 on the provision of 300 sterile needles and syringes per PWID per year, a 90 % reduction of new HCV infections, and a 65 % reduction of liver-related mortality. Highlights: • We estimate 703 people who injected drugs within the last 12 months in Brussels. • Between 6620 and 7018 people injected drugs within the last 12 months in Belgium. • In order to reach the HCV targets set by WHO for 2030 effort needs to be maximized.
Affiliation :	Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83655

[article] Estimates of people who injected drugs within the last 12 months in Belgium based on a capture-recapture and multiplier method [Périodique] / E. PLETTINCKX ; F. W. CRAWFORD ; J. ANTOINE ; L. GREMEAUX ; L. VAN BAELEN . - 2021 . - art. 108436.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Drug and Alcohol Dependence > Vol.219 (February 2021) . - art. 108436

Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique BELGIQUE Thésaurus TOXIBASE USAGER ; INJECTION ; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE ; METHODE ; EPIDEMIOLOGIE ; MODELE STATISTIQUE
Domaine :	Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :	EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology
Résumé :	Background: For Belgium, available estimates of the number of people who inject drugs (PWID) are based on data from more than fifteen years ago and apply only to those who report ever injecting drugs. As a result, no reliable baseline data exist to determine the scale of services for PWID. Methods: We obtained pseudo-anonymized identifier information from treatment and harm reduction service providers and a fieldwork study between February and April 2019 in Brussels. We estimated the number of PWID, defined as people who injected within the last 12 months, in Brussels using capture-recapture (CRC) methodology. To obtain national estimates, we scaled the proportion of PWID in Brussels to the total number of this population in Belgium based on two existing drug treatment registers, which were then multiplied with the result of the CRC. Results The total population of PWID is estimated to be 703 (95 %CI 538-935) for Brussels and between 6620 (95 %CI 4711-8576) and 7018 (95 %CI 4794-9527) for Belgium. Conclusions: These estimates provide crucial information to ensure that services to PWID are adequately maintained. They clearly indicate the need to maximize efforts to achieve the targets set by WHO for 2030 on the provision of 300 sterile needles and syringes per PWID per year, a 90 % reduction of new HCV infections, and a 65 % reduction of liver-related mortality. Highlights: • We estimate 703 people who injected drugs within the last 12 months in Brussels. • Between 6620 and 7018 people injected drugs within the last 12 months in Belgium. • In order to reach the HCV targets set by WHO for 2030 effort needs to be maximized.
Affiliation :	Directorate of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83655

[article] 
inEuropean Addiction Research > Vol.27, n°1 (2021) . - 83-86

Titre :	Estimates of the incidence of crack cocaine use in those likely to attend treatment in the English population, 2005-2018
Type de document :	Périodique
Auteurs :	A. JONES ; K. P. HAYHURST ; S. JAHR ; M. WHITE ; T. MILLAR
Année de publication :	2021
Article en page(s) :	83-86
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique ROYAUME-UNI Thésaurus TOXIBASE CRACK ; INCIDENCE ; ACCES AUX SOINS ; EVOLUTION
Domaine :	Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :	EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology
Résumé :	BACKGROUND: Public health bodies in the UK, and elsewhere, have expressed concern over the wider social and economic impact of crack cocaine use on society. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to use English substance misuse treatment data to estimate the incidence of crack cocaine use in the population who are expected to present to treatment with crack cocaine as the primary substance. METHOD: Known year of first crack-related treatment demand and age of first use of crack were combined to provide the distribution of lag to treatment for each year of onset. The resulting combined lag distribution was used to estimate the proportion of incident crack cocaine users who will have presented in a given year and, from that, the total number who will have started in that year. RESULTS: Our estimates identified an approximate doubling in incidence between 2012 and 2016, following a decrease up to 2012. CONCLUSION: This represents an increase in treatment demand that is likely to continue for a number of years.
Refs biblio. :	12
Affiliation :	i3HS Hub, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Cote :	Abonnement
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83653

[article] Estimates of the incidence of crack cocaine use in those likely to attend treatment in the English population, 2005-2018 [Périodique] / A. JONES ; K. P. HAYHURST ; S. JAHR ; M. WHITE ; T. MILLAR . - 2021 . - 83-86.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in European Addiction Research > Vol.27, n°1 (2021) . - 83-86

Mots-clés :	Thésaurus Géographique ROYAUME-UNI Thésaurus TOXIBASE CRACK ; INCIDENCE ; ACCES AUX SOINS ; EVOLUTION
Domaine :	Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :	EPI Epidémiologie / Epidemiology
Résumé :	BACKGROUND: Public health bodies in the UK, and elsewhere, have expressed concern over the wider social and economic impact of crack cocaine use on society. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to use English substance misuse treatment data to estimate the incidence of crack cocaine use in the population who are expected to present to treatment with crack cocaine as the primary substance. METHOD: Known year of first crack-related treatment demand and age of first use of crack were combined to provide the distribution of lag to treatment for each year of onset. The resulting combined lag distribution was used to estimate the proportion of incident crack cocaine users who will have presented in a given year and, from that, the total number who will have started in that year. RESULTS: Our estimates identified an approximate doubling in incidence between 2012 and 2016, following a decrease up to 2012. CONCLUSION: This represents an increase in treatment demand that is likely to continue for a number of years.
Refs biblio. :	12
Affiliation :	i3HS Hub, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Cote :	Abonnement
Permalink :	https://bdoc.ofdt.fr/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83653