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Documents disponibles dans cette catégorie (58)
Article : Périodique
FRANÇAIS : Cet article a pour objectif de discuter des actions et programmes pour l'éradication des cultures illégales qui ont été mis en place dans certains pays, ainsi que de leurs conséquences négatives pour les agriculteurs qui participent,[...]Rapport
Key findings [Extracts]: The total area under opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan was estimated at 224,000 hectares in 2014, a 7% increase from the previous year. * The vast majority (89%) of opium cultivation took place in nine provinces i[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : La production d'opium en Afghanistan a augmenté de 87% comparé à 2016, atteignant un niveau record de 9 000 tonnes en 2017. La superficie occupée par les cultures de pavot à opium a également augmenté, atteignant une surface totale r[...]Rapport
The total area under opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan remains at very high levels despite a decrease by 20 per cent compared to 2017. The potential production of opium decreased by 29 per cent in 2018 compared to last year, while farm-gate[...]Rapport
The Afghanistan opium surveys 2019 collected and analysed detailed data on the location and extent of opium poppy cultivation, potential opium production and the socio-economic situation in rural areas. The results provide a detailed picture of [...]Rapport
In the Southern region, the Risk Assessment indicated that the largest opium cultivating provinces, Hilmand and Kandahar, are likely to see an increase in opium cultivation due to the current high price of opium and to compensate the low opium y[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : Ce rapport permet aux personnes visées par les programmes de développement alternatif en Colombie de s'exprimer sur l'impact que ces programmes ont eu dans leur vie quotidienne. ENGLISH: There is considerable debate on whether A[...]Article : Périodique
Despite cannabis being the most common illegal drug crop in the world and its worldwide presence, very little is known about its production, trade, and consumption at the global scale. This is due mostly to over a century of global prohibition a[...]Article : Périodique
The voice and role of communities, particularly their capacity to organise and resist, has been understudied in the specialised literature on illicit crops and largely ignored in policy debates. Based on ongoing research in Colombia, this policy[...]Article : Périodique
This paper examines the positive and negative (or intended and unintended) impacts of anti-drug policies such as the aerial spraying of coca crops in Colombia. It provides spatial analysis of coca cultivation and crop eradication at a fine scale[...]NouveautéRapport
The area under coca crop cultivation in Colombia rose 3 per cent in 2011 to 64,000 hectares (ha), up by 2,000 ha compared with 2010. Overall, the picture, therefore, remained stable for the raw material used in the production of the illegal drug[...]Rapport
The results of the census show that in 31 December 2012, Colombia had 48,000 hectares under coca cultivation, distributed in 23 out of the 32 departments of the country. This represents a strong reduction of the area under cultivation (-25%) wit[...]Rapport
The census results show that on the 31st December 2013 Colombia had 48,000 coca crop hectares distributed within 23 of the country's 32 departments; the same amount as reported in 2012. This is the result of a leverage effect between a marked in[...]Rapport
The Survey notes that the net coca cultivation area was up 44 per cent year-on-year from 48,000 hectares in 2013 to 69,000 a year later, while the potential cocaine production, in turn, rose from 290 to 442 metric tons in the same period represe[...]Rapport
The 2016 coca crop monitoring survey comes at an important historical time for Colombia. The signing of a peace agreement with the Farc - Ep guerrillas, in addition to the expectation for a successful process with the ELN, are key elements in un[...]Article : Périodique
À la fin du mois de novembre 2001, les superficies de cultures illicites de coca ont atteint un nouveau record : 170 000 hectares. Pourtant, dans le cadre du « Plan Colombie » dont l'objectif est de mettre fin aux productions de drogue, les État[...]Article : Périodique
Quand, sous la pression de Washington, les forces de l'ordre ont pour consigne de détruire les plantations de coca, cela paraît juste, et pourtant... Les paysans qui la cultivent ne sont ni producteurs de cocaïne ni trafiquants. Et nul ne leur p[...]Rapport
Unless alternative livelihoods are already firmly in place, eradication of coca and opium poppy crops is counter-productive, according to this WOLA study. Despite years of aggressive crop eradication efforts, overall coca and poppy production ha[...]Article : Périodique
L'explosion de la production d'opium en Afghanistan constitue un élément important du conflit afghan et de la reconstruction du pays. Le Groupe URD a publié en juin une étude sur ce thème, dont nous présentons ici une synthèse rédigée par les au[...]Article : Périodique
H. A. POLLACK, Auteur ; P. REUTER, Auteur ; J. P. CAULKINS, Auteur du commentaire ; D. MEJIA, Auteur du commentaire ; V. FELBAB-BROWN, Auteur du commentaire |Aims: To review empirical research that seeks to relate marginal increases in enforcement against the supply of illicit drugs to changes in drug prices at the level of the drug supply system being targeted. Method: Review of empirical studies.[...]Livre
La plaine tropicale du Chapare bolivien était en 1984 la seconde région au monde pour la production de feuilles de coca et de pâte base de cocaïne. Pour envisager la colonisation du Chapare, il faut prendre en compte l'économie de la paysannerie[...]Article : Périodique
T. RHODES ; M. HARRIS ; F. G. SANIN ; K. LANCASTER |Drawing on an ecological approach, we trace how the political-economy of drug wars are locally materialised in relation to health. We take the case of coca cultivation and eradication as our example. To make our analysis, we trace the different [...]Rapport
Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission of American States (CICAD-OAS) ; Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission of American States (CICAD-OAS) ; K. R. SOLOMON ; A. ANADON ; A. L. CERDEIRA ; J. MARSHALL ; L. H. SANIN | Washington, DC : OAS (Organization of American States) | 2005This report was prepared for the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) section of the OAS in response to requests from the governments of Colombia, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. The request was to conduct a [...]Article : Périodique
Prohibition attempts have failed for over a century, as the case of Afghanistan shows. There are many and complex reasons for this. Illicit opium production has benefited from synergies between war economies and drug economies, in Afghanistan an[...]Livre
Drug use is an inherent part of our culture. Since the Sumerians wrote of the 'joy of the poppy plant' in 3000BC to the crack dens of today, people in every society have wanted to use drugs. Drug policy cannot be effective until this basic fact [...]Périodique
L. M. DAVALOS ; A. C. BEJARANO ; M. A. HALL ; H. L. CORREA ; A. CORTHALS ; O. J. ESPEJO | 2011Identifying drivers of deforestation in tropical biodiversity hotspots is critical to assess threats to particular ecosystems and species and proactively plan for conservation. We analyzed land cover change between 2002 and 2007 in the northern [...]Article : Périodique
A. ARMENTA ; M. JELSMA ; T. BLICKMAN ; MONTANES V. ; R. VARGAS |FRANÇAIS : Ce numéro est dédié au sujet controversé de la fumigation d'herbicides sur les champs de coca et d'opium en Colombie. Il analyse les événements de cette campagne commencée en décembre 2000, ses conséquences sur la santé et l'environ[...]Chapitre
Lancée il y a plus d'un siècle, la guerre contre la drogue s'est soldée par un échec retentissant, multipliant les trafics, renforçant la production et la consommation tout en réprimant les paysans producteurs et les consommateurs. Il est temps [...]Article : Périodique
Between 1906 and 1917 China (under the Imperial and then Republican regimes) enacted a highly effective intervention to suppress the production of opium. Evidence from British Foreign Office records suggest that the intervention was centred, in [...]Article : Périodique
This paper is inspired by two anomalies encountered in the study of the illegal drugs industry. First, despite the very high profits of coca/cocaine and poppy/opium/heroin production, most countries that can produce do not. Why, for example, doe[...]Rapport
This report provides an overview of U.S. international drug control policy and is divided into four main parts. First, it outlines and evaluates major U.S. drug control policy initiatives; second, it assesses major international drug control too[...]Bulletin : Périodique
Drugs and Conflict Debate papers, n°15 - December 2006 - Losing ground. Drug control and war in Afghanistan
The worsening armed conflict and the all-time record opium production in Afghanistan have caused a wave of panic. We are losing ground. Calls are being made for robust military action by NATO forces to destroy the opium industry in southern Afgh[...]Rapport
This policy briefing discusses whether or not the aim of reducing cannabis cultivation is realistic or beneficial for Morocco, what it would actually mean for the major production area the Rif - one of the poorest, most densely populated and env[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : Selon ce rapport du Département de la Justice, le programme d'éradication de la plante de cannabis (appelé " Campaign Against Marijuana Planting ") a conduit les producteurs à se retirer dans des endroits clos. Le rapport remarque q[...]Article : Périodique
Background: For more than 30 years, the main strategy to control illicit coca crops has been forced eradication. Despite the importance of social investment and persistent poverty in areas where illicit crops are grown, there is no empirical evi[...]Bulletin : Périodique
Drogues, enjeux internationaux, n°5 - Juin 2013 - L'opium Afghan : 20 ans de suprématie mondiale
P. A. CHOUVY | 2013Ce pays qui ne produisait sans doute guère plus de 200 tonnes d'opium en 1979, date de l'invasion soviétique, est devenu le premier producteur d'opium et d'héroïne au monde. Comment cette situation s'est-elle développée ? Pourquoi les paysans co[...]Bulletin : Périodique
Drogues, enjeux internationaux, n°14 - Décembre 2021 - De l'opium au fentanyl : monde rural, politique et crime au Mexique
P. FRISSARD MARTINEZ | 2021FRANÇAIS : Des saisies d'héroïne en baisse au Mexique et aux États-Unis : Dans son rapport mondial sur les drogues 2021, l'ONUDC situe le Mexique au 3e rang mondial des pays identifiés comme producteurs d'opium illégal. Si, à partir du début d[...]Livre
The first half of the book (chapters 1 to 5), draws on the complex history and geopolitics of the opium poppy in Asia, from Neolithic times to the mid-twentieth-century emergence of the Golden Triangle and the Golden Crescent, to the most recent[...]Article : Périodique
Highlights: We examine illegal cultivation of cannabis and seizures in Turkey. In 2010 Turkey alone eradicated more than 36 million cannabis plants. We drew attention to Diyarbakir region in illegal cannabis cultivation. General conditions f[...]Article : Périodique
The life and death of California's Campaign Against Marijuana Planting (CAMP, 1983-2012) offers a unique analytical window into the time and space of the U.S. war on drugs in a global context. This paper draws on CAMP report archives, ethnograph[...]Périodique
D. KAUFFMANN ; C. DUFOUR ; F. GRUNEWALD, Directeur de publication | Plaisians : Groupe URD (Urgence - Réhabilitation - Développement) | 2010Presque dix ans après l'intervention de la communauté internationale et la chute du régime Taliban, la question de la production d'opium en Afghanistan est plus que jamais au centre des préoccupations des acteurs, en particulier de la communauté[...]Article : Périodique
A large-scale expansion of the Colombian coca cultivation is one of the most revealing signs of a structural change in the illegal cocaine market in the Andean region. From being a modest and domestic production, in the space of five years Colom[...]Article : Périodique
This article gives a detailed account of the cocaine industry and the related violence in the Peruvian Upper Huallaga. It is argued that in this cocaine producing region violence increased during state-led forced eradication operations of the co[...]Article : Périodique
D. MEJIA ; P. RESTREPO |We model the war on drugs in source countries as a conflict over scarce inputs in successive levels of the production and trafficking chain, and study how policies aimed at different stages affect prices and quantities in upstream and downstream[...]Article : Périodique
Conventional wisdom indicates that international trade in illicit drugs helps to fuel terrorism. Since 2001, counter-narcotics policy increasingly has been used to fight terrorism. This study investigates empirically the relationship between the[...]Article : Périodique
Background: In 2016 the Colombian government and the country's most important guerrilla group - the FARC - signed a peace agreement that included the "definitive solution to the problem of illicit crops". That solution has not arrived. Methods:[...]Article : Périodique
Cannabis cultivation is a thriving business, whether for profit or personal use. The reasons for engaging in illegal drug growing and the effects of drug policy on it are mostly unexplored. This paper tries to shed some light on the impact of ca[...]Article : Périodique
Drug control policies and interventions, like any other policies and interventions, generate many unintended consequences. Most often, such consequences are mentioned without being defined or presented in a typology, and they are rarely explaine[...]Article : Périodique
Since the formal declaration of the War on Drugs in the 1980s, illicit drugs and crops have been regarded primarily as a security problem. However, without a comprehensive development strategy and deep transformative reform addressing structural[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : Chaque année, le Rapport mondial sur les drogues passe en revue les principales évolutions intervenues sur les marchés des différentes catégories de drogues, de la production à la consommation, en passant par le trafic, avec notammen[...]