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Article : Périodique
This article reviews the literature on the association between cannabis use (CU) and psychosocial functioning, operationalized here as academic achievement, economic prospects, social relationships and quality of life. So far, study results have[...]Article : Périodique
S. BAGGIO ; M. DUPUIS ; J. B. RICHARD ; F. BECK |Healthcare renunciation for economic reasons is a major health concern, but it has been scarcely investigated among drug users, even if drug users constitute a vulnerable population in need of medical care. This study investigated associations o[...]Rapport
Afghanistan is currently going through a crucial transitional phase as it attempts to strengthen its civil administration and stabilize the country for its post-2014 political scenario. Such comprehensive political changes can only be accomplish[...]Rapport
The total area under opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan was estimated at 183,000 hectares in 2015, a 19% decrease from the previous year. Area under opium poppy cultivation has decreased for the first time since 2009 but it is at its fourth [...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : La production d'opium en Afghanistan a augmenté de 87% comparé à 2016, atteignant un niveau record de 9 000 tonnes en 2017. La superficie occupée par les cultures de pavot à opium a également augmenté, atteignant une surface totale r[...]Rapport
The total area under opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan remains at very high levels despite a decrease by 20 per cent compared to 2017. The potential production of opium decreased by 29 per cent in 2018 compared to last year, while farm-gate[...]Rapport
The Afghanistan opium surveys 2019 collected and analysed detailed data on the location and extent of opium poppy cultivation, potential opium production and the socio-economic situation in rural areas. The results provide a detailed picture of [...]Article : Périodique
A. SMYTH ; K. K. TEO ; S. RANGARAJAN ; M. O'DONNELL ; X. ZHANG ; P. RANA ; D. P. LEONG ; G. DAGENAIS ; P. SERON ; A. ROSENGREN ; A. E. SCHUTTE ; P. LOPEZ-JARAMILLO ; A. OGUZ ; J. CHIFAMBA ; R. DIAZ ; S. LEAR ; A. AVEZUM ; R. KUMAR ; V. MOHAN ; A. SZUBA ; L. WEI ; W. YANG ; B. JIAN ; M. McKEE ; S. YUSUF |Background: Alcohol consumption is proposed to be the third most important modifiable risk factor for death and disability. However, alcohol consumption has been associated with both benefits and harms, and previous studies were mostly done in h[...]Article : Périodique
U. GRITTNER ; S. KUNTSCHE ; G. GMEL ; K. BLOOMFIELD |BACKGROUND: International comparisons of social inequalities in alcohol use have not been extensively investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of country-level characteristics and individual socio-economic status ([...]Article : Périodique
C. KILIAN ; J. REHM ; P. ALLEBECK ; F. BRADDICK ; A. GUAL ; M. BARTAK ; K. BLOOMFIELD ; A. GIL ; M. NEUFELD ; A. O'DONNELL ; B. PETRUZELKA ; V. ROGALEWICZ ; B. SCHULTE ; J. MANTHEY ; European Study Group on Alcohol Use and COVID-19 |AIMS: To investigate changes in alcohol consumption during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe as well as its associations with income and experiences of distress related to the pandemic. DESIGN: Cross-sectional on-line survey c[...]Article : Périodique
BACKGROUND: Although ecstasy (MDMA) use is not as prevalent in the United States (US) as it was in the early 2000s, use remains popular among adolescents and young adults. Few recent studies have examined ecstasy use in national samples among th[...]Article : Périodique
M. MORELATO ; S. MEDEIROS BOZIC ; D. RHUMORBARBE ; J. BROSEUS ; L. STAEHLI ; P. ESSEIVA ; C. ROUX ; Q. ROSSY |Internet access has provided new ways to trade goods. Unlike conventional legal sale sites, cryptomarkets facilitate exchanges in a context where the anonymity of participants is warranted. The aim of this article was to obtain a better understa[...]Article : Périodique
B. A. SHAW ; N. AGAHI ; N. KRAUSE |OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess whether changes in levels of financial strain are associated with changes in alcohol use and smoking among older adults. METHOD: Multilevel analyses were conducted using longitudinal data from a randomly s[...]Rapport
C. BEN LAKHDAR ; N. LALAM ; D. WEINBERGER | Paris : INHESJ (Institut National des Hautes Etudes de la Sécurité et de la Justice) | 2016Dans le cadre du plan gouvernemental 2013-2017, la Mission interministérielle de lutte contre les drogues et les conduites addictives (MILDECA) a confié à l'Institut national des hautes études de la sécurité et de la justice (INHESJ), une étude [...]Article : Périodique
B. CASETTA ; A. J. VIDELA ; A. BARDACH ; P. MORELLO ; N. SOTO ; K. LEE ; P. A. CAMACHO ; R. V. HERMOZA MOQUILLAZA ; A. CIAPPONI |Introduction: Previous evidence linked low socioeconomic status with higher smoking prevalence. Our objective was to assess the strength of this association in the world population, updating a previous work. Methods: Systematic review and meta-[...]Article : Périodique
G. C. K. CHAN ; C. GARTNER ; C. LIM ; T. SUN ; W. HALL ; J. CONNOR ; D. STJEPANOVIC ; J. LEUNG |AIM: To (i) estimate the prevalence of adolescent vaping in 47 lower-middle, upper-middle and high-income countries, and (ii) test the association between implementation of World Health Organisation (WHO) tobacco control policies and adolescent [...]Article : Périodique
E. J. COSTELLO ; ERKANLI A. ; W. COPELAND ; A. ANGOLD |Context - In a natural experiment in which some families received income supplements, prevalence of adolescent behavioral symptoms decreased significantly. These adolescents are now young adults. Objective - To examine the effects of income su[...]Article : Périodique
The research question addressed in the present study, with ARIMA time-series analyses, was the extent to which changes in economic and physical availability had an effect on sales of alcohol in four Canadian provinces during the second half of t[...]Article : Périodique
B. CHRISTIANSEN ; K. REEDER ; M. HILL ; T. B. BAKER ; M. C. FIORE |OBJECTIVE: People who live in poverty have a high prevalence of smoking, are less likely to engage in evidence-based treatment, and find it harder to quit. Their beliefs about smoking and quitting can serve as barriers to quitting. Little is kno[...]Article : Périodique
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have established a relationship between cannabis use and affective problems among adolescents and young adults; however, the direction of these associations remains a topic of debate. The present study sought to exami[...]Rapport
N. LALAM ; D. WEINBERGER ; D. ALIMI ; I. OBRADOVIC ; M. GANDILHON | Paris : INHESJ (Institut National des Hautes Etudes de la Sécurité et de la Justice) | 2017FRANÇAIS : Initié en 2015, le projet de recherche international Cannalex a été mené par l'Institut national des hautes études de la sécurité et de la justice (INHESJ) en partenariat avec l'Observatoire français des drogues et des toxicomanies ([...]Article : Périodique
Estimating elasticities of cigarette demand has become commonplace amongst economists and policymakers. Synthesizing the various elasticities into a coherent message is quite challenging, however, as the point estimates are obtained using quite [...]Article : Périodique
AIMS: To describe current and recent changes in cigarette affordability across the current 27 European Union (EU) Member States, and to assess the impact of these changes on smoking prevalence in countries that were EU members in 2004 (old Membe[...]Article : Périodique
Introduction and Aims: To develop a measure of alcohol affordability (AA) and compare the AA of 65 cities worldwide. Design and Methods: In this paper, AA is defined as the proportion of median daily income needed to buy a certain quantity of [...]Article : Périodique
Background and Aims: In 2014 the legislature of Vermont, USA passed a law requiring the Secretary of Administration to report on the consequences of legalizing marijuana. The RAND Corporation was commissioned to write that report. This paper sum[...]