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Auteur A. H. KRAL |
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Article : Périodique
Background: Research has shown that people often need assistance from an established person who injects drugs (PWID) in order to initiate their own injection drug use. Yet, there is scant research on the injection initiation process from the per[...]NouveautéArticle : Périodique
BACKGROUND: The US is in the midst of a national Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) epidemic that appears to be driven by new cases among people who inject drugs (PWID). While HCV transmission among PWID is believed to occur mostly through direct sharing o[...]Article : Périodique
K. H. SEAL ; A. H. KRAL ; L. GEE ; L. D. MOORE ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; J. LORVICK ; B. R. EDLIN |Objectives. This study sought to determine prevalence of and risk factors for nonfatal recent overdose among street-recruited injection heroin users. Methods. From August 1998 through July 1999, 1427 heroin injectors were recruited from 6 inner-[...]Article : Périodique
Article : Périodique
D. WERB ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; G. KOLLA ; C. STRIKE ; A. H. KRAL ; A. UUSKULA ; D. DES JARLAIS |Just over 10 years have passed since public health experts called for an update to the "infection risk reduction hierarchy". At the time Vlahov et al. noted that HIV prevention programs for people who inject drugs (PWID), 13% of whom are estimat[...]Article : Périodique
Injection drug initiation usually requires assistance by someone who already injects drugs. To develop interventions that prevent people from starting to inject drugs, it is imperative to understand why people who inject drugs (PWID) assist with[...]Périodique
A. H. KRAL ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; ERRINGER E. A. ; J. LORVICK ; B. R. EDLIN | 1999FRANÇAIS : But : évaluer les facteurs de risque associés aux usagers de drogue par injection (UDI) qui font à ou se font faire des injections par d'autres UDI. Type d'étude et lieu : les UDI ont été recrutés dans une étude croisée utilisant des[...]Article : Périodique
H. FRASER ; J. ZIBBELL ; T. HOERGER ; S. HARIRI ; C. VELLOZZI ; N. K. MARTIN ; A. H. KRAL ; M. HICKMAN ; J. W. WARD ; P. VICKERMAN |Background and aims: Effective strategies are needed to address dramatic increases in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among people who inject drugs (PWID) in rural settings of the United States. We determined the required scale-up of HCV treat[...]Périodique
J. LORVICK ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; A. SCOTT ; M. L. GILBERT ; RIEHMAN K. S. ; R. L. ANDERSON ; N. M. FLYNN ; A. H. KRAL | 2006ENGLISH : This article describes the secondary syringe exchange (SSE) practices of injection drug users (IDUs) attending 23 syringe exchange programs (SEPs) in the state of California during 2002 (n = 539). The sample was primarily heroin inje[...]Périodique
A. H. KRAL ; J. LORVICK ; B. R. EDLIN | 2000FRANÇAIS : Lobjectif de cette étude est de comparer les conduites à risque liées au sexe et à linjection en fonction de lâge chez des usagers de drogues injectable (UDI). Les UDI ont été recrutés dans des structures de proximités de deux quarti[...]Article : Périodique
B. QUINN ; D. CHU ; L. WENGER ; R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; A. H. KRAL |Background: Few recent studies have investigated the prevalence of improperly discarded syringes in community settings by people who inject drugs (PWID). We examined whether syringe source was associated with the act of improper syringe disposal[...]Périodique
R. N. BLUTHENTHAL ; A. H. KRAL ; L. GEE ; ERRINGER E. A. ; B. R. EDLIN | 2000FRANÇAIS : L'utilisation des programmes d'échange de seringue (PES) permet-elle aux usagers par voie injectable d'arrêter le partage des seringues ? De 1992 à 1996, 1503 UDVIs d'Oakland, recrutés dans la rue ont été interviewés, ont eu un test [...]Article : Périodique
L. D. WENGER ; A. M. LOPEZ ; M. COMFORT ; A. H. KRAL |Background: Dominant public health and medical discourse has relied on a pharmacocentric conception of heroin use - that is, the notion that heroin users inject compulsively to stave off physical and psychological withdrawal. Previous research d[...]Article : Périodique
BACKGROUND: Government-sanctioned Safer Injection Facilities (SIFs) have been implemented around the world to address public health and public order concerns associated with injection drug use. The goal of this study was to investigate how commu[...]Article : Périodique
A. H. KRAL ; J. LORVICK ; L. GEE ; P. BACCHETTI ; RAWAL B. ; M. BUSCH ; B. R. EDLIN |This paper reports trends in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence among street-recruited injection drug users (IDUs) in San Francisco, California, from 1987 through 1998, estimated using a sensitive/less sensitive enzyme immunoassay test[...]