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Cocaine is Europe's most commonly used illicit stimulant drug, with about 3.6 million adults (aged 15-64) estimated to have used it in the last year. It is the second most seized drug in Europe, after cannabis. Cocaine is trafficked to Europe fr[...]Document multimédia
Comorbidity of substance use and mental health disorders refers to the co-occurrence of a substance use disorder and another mental health disorder in the same individual. In Europe, the presence of psychiatric disorders associated with substanc[...]Document multimédia
FRANÇAIS : Les salles de consommation de drogues à moindre risque dans lesquelles des drogues illicites peuvent être consommées sous la supervision de personnel qualifié, existent en Europe depuis une trentaine d'années. Ces infrastructures ont[...]Document multimédia
Every year, several thousands of cocaine-related emergencies are reported in Europe, along with hundreds of cocaine-related deaths. The types of cocaine-related problems reported are wide-ranging and the relatively high prevalence of cocaine use[...]Document multimédia
Methamphetamine is an established stimulant drug in many parts of the world (e.g. South-east Asia, US), where it has long caused major public health problems. While methamphetamine use in Europe has historically been confined to the Czech Republ[...]Document multimédia
The emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) over the last decade has posed a major challenge to drug policy. While the limited available data indicates that prevalence levels of NPS use are relatively low in the general European populatio[...]Document multimédia
Hepatitis C is the most common infectious disease in injecting drug users, among whom it is usually transmitted through the sharing of injecting equipment such as needles and syringes. Most of those who become infected go on to develop chronic H[...]Document multimédia
Over 50 synthetic cathinone derivatives were detected via the EU Early Warning System (EU-EWS) between 2005 and 2013. This 'Perspective on drugs' explores new worrying localised and national outbreaks of injecting these substances and recommends[...]Document multimédia
The Internet is now recognised as a plausible vehicle for delivering drug and alcohol education, prevention and treatment programmes in a range of settings. This 'Perspective on drugs' charts developments in Internet-based drug treatment (IBDT),[...]Document multimédia
Recent years have witnessed a proliferation of new psychoactive substances becoming available in Europe. This can be illustrated through the rise in notifications of new substances to the EU early warning system, from just 14 per year in 2005 to[...]Document multimédia
FRANÇAIS : Trois conventions des Nations unies constituent le cadre juridique international pour le contrôle des drogues illicites. Elles recommandent aux pays de restreindre l'offre de drogues et de limiter leur utilisation à des fins médicale[...]Document multimédia
Europe has long been one of the world's largest consumer markets for cannabis, particularly resin imported mainly from Morocco. In this analysis, we report how Europe's consumer market for cannabis is increasingly dominated by herbal products, w[...]Document multimédia
FRANÇAIS : L'héroïne est traditionnellement importée en Europe sous deux formes, la plus courante étant l'héroïne brune (forme chimique base), produite essentiellement en Afghanistan et dans d'autres pays de l'Asie du Sud-Est. L'héroïne blanche[...]Document multimédia
More than 9 000 lives were reported to be lost to drug overdoses in Europe (28 EU Member States, Turkey and Norway) in 2016, the latest reporting year, and this is an underestimate. Reducing drug-related deaths therefore remains a major challeng[...]Document multimédia
The use of substitution drugs for the treatment of opioid dependence represents a key evidence-based response to heroin problems in Europe. However, the diversion of these medicines from their intended use in drug treatment to non-medical use an[...]Document multimédia
FRANÇAIS : Les cannabinoïdes de synthèse représentent le plus grand groupe de substances actuellement suivies en Europe par l'EMCDDA grâce au système d'alerte rapide de l'UE. Cette analyse présente les connaissances actuelles sur ces substances[...]Document multimédia
Synthetic drugs have been produced illicitly in Europe for over 40 years and, by global standards, Europe remains a significant producer today. Described in this analysis are current trends in illicit synthetic drug production in Europe and some[...]Document multimédia
Benzodiazepines are a widely prescribed group of medicines with a range of clinical uses, including the treatment of anxiety and insomnia and the management of alcohol withdrawal. For a number of reasons this group of medicines are often misused[...]Document multimédia
On the basis of an external evaluation of the EU drugs strategy 2005-12, on 7 December 2012 the Justice and Home Affairs Council of the European Union endorsed a new EU drugs strategy (2013-20). The strategy was designed to be implemented by two[...]Document multimédia
Psychosocial interventions are structured psychological or social interventions used to address substance-related problems. They can be used at different stages of drug treatment to identify the problem, treat it and assist with social reintegra[...]Document multimédia
The EMCDDA has carried out a meta-analysis of six reviews examining the effectiveness of medications used in treating cocaine problems. The original reviews, undertaken by the Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Group, involved 92 studies (85 in the US) [...]Document multimédia
Perspectives on drugs (PODs) Trends in heroin use in Europe - what do treatment demand data tell us?
The current number of problem opioid users in Europe can be estimated at about 1.4 million, or 0.41% of the adult population, with heroin being by far the most widely used opioid. Heroin use has developed along different timelines; several weste[...]Document multimédia
The findings of the largest European project to date in the emerging science of wastewater analysis are taken up in this 'Perspective on drugs'. The project in question analysed wastewater in 82 European cities and towns to explore the drug-taki[...]Rapport
ENGLISH : How problem drug use develops over time in Europe is only known through indirect indicators - such as treatment presentations, drug seizures or drug related deaths - and from a limited number of cities. Estimates of the incidence of [...]Rapport
C. COSTA STORTI, Coordonnateur ; OEDT = EMCDDA | Lisbon : OEDT / EMCDDA | Thematic Papers, ISSN 1725-5767 | 2011The European Union Drug Strategy for the period 2009-12 sets the goal to yield concrete and identifiable improvements concerning the knowledge of drugs trafficking. In addition, the EU Drugs Action Plan for 2009-12 defines among others the objec[...]Chapitre
OEDT = EMCDDA | 2012FRANÇAIS : Ce chapitre se penche sur les évolutions politiques apparues récemment dans l'Union européenne et examine la mesure dans laquelle les États membres ont intégré leurs stratégies de lutte contre les drogues licites et illicites et étab[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : Cette «Question spécifique» concerne l'usage concomitant ou consécutif de différentes substances licites et illicites (polyconsommation) chez les adolescents, les jeunes adultes et les usagers problématiques de drogues. Afin de décr[...]Chapitre
FRANÇAIS : La définition générale de la «polytoxicomanie» utilisée par beaucoup d'États membres est la consommation abusive - de façon simultanée ou séquentielle - de plusieurs drogues ou types de drogues par un individu (selon la définition de[...]Rapport
OEDT = EMCDDA ; S. MINOZZI ; L. AMATO ; M. DAVOLI ; M. FERRI ; A. BO ; R. SIMON | Lisbon : OEDT / EMCDDA | EMCDDA Papers, ISSN 2315-1463 | 2014Illicit opioid consumption during pregnancy brings with it the risk of an increase in obstetric complications for the mother and a range of potential dangers for the child, both before and after birth. The primary goal when treating opioid depen[...]Rapport
This Selected issue gives a broad overview on the extent of, and available responses to, the problems of pregnant drug users and families that are affected by drug use. In the first part of the report, a description of the available data on the [...]Rapport
OEDT = EMCDDA ; D. THANKI ; J. MATIAS ; P. GRIFFITHS ; A. NOOR ; D. OLSZEWSKI ; R. SIMON ; J. VICENTE | Lisbon : OEDT / EMCDDA | Thematic Papers, ISSN 1725-5767 | 2012This report brings together, for the first time in Europe, an integrated overview of the prevalence of intensive cannabis use, defined as daily or almost daily cannabis use (use on 20 or more days in the month preceding survey). Self-reported da[...]Rapport
Drug overdose is one of the major causes of death among young people in Europe. This paper considers how naloxone - an effective antidote that can reverse opioid intoxication - combined with training in first aid for coping with an overdose for [...]Rapport
OEDT = EMCDDA ; J. STRANG ; R. McDONALD ; D. HEDRICH ; R. SIMON | Lisbon : OEDT / EMCDDA | Insights, ISSN 1606-1683 | 2016This publication examines the case for distributing naloxone, an emergency medication, to people who inject opioids such as heroin and to others who might witness an opioid overdose. Through its capacity to reverse opioid overdose, naloxone can [...]Rapport
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ; OEDT = EMCDDA | Lisbon : OEDT / EMCDDA | Joint reports | 2023This joint guidance report explores good public health practices that can support effective policies to reduce infections. Common blood-borne viruses in this group include HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. These are mainly spread through the sha[...]Rapport
This publication is an update of Prevention of substance abuse, published in 2007. Like the previous analysis, it is a translation of a German study that presents a state-of-the-art review of prevention science. Although originally targeted at t[...]Rapport
OEDT = EMCDDA ; L. MONTANARI ; L. ROYUELA ; I. HASSELBERG ; L. VANDAM | Lisbon : OEDT / EMCDDA | Insights, ISSN 1606-1683 | 2021FRANÇAIS : Ce rapport examine en profondeur un large éventail de problèmes en milieu carcéral, notamment la consommation de drogues et ses méfaits, les réponses sanitaires et sociales et l'approvisionnement en drogues. Il note que, si, dans pl[...]Document multimédia
ENGLISH: People in prison are more likely to use drugs than those in the general population. In order to respond to their health and social needs, it is vital to have a sound understanding of the interventions available in prisons and which wor[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : On estime qu'environ 635 000 personnes sont détenues dans des institutions carcérales dans l'Union européenne. Des travaux de recherche montrent que les problèmes de drogue sont bien plus répandus au sein de cette population qu'au s[...]Chapitre
FRANÇAIS : En dépit de la longue histoire de sa consommation et de sa popularité actuelle, notre compréhension de l'impact du cannabis sur la santé publique reste limitée. Récemment, les signes d'une relation éventuelle entre la consommation du[...]Rapport
This report describes the context of substance use and the utilisation of healthcare services among applicants for international protection in EU+ countries. This joint EMCDDA-EUAA study aims to identify the key issues and define recommendations[...]Rapport
A crucial element in evaluating drug policy, and an important indicator of political commitment to the drugs issue, is the estimation of governments’ expenditure to counter the problem. This thematic paper offers an overview of the state of rese[...]Rapport
OEDT = EMCDDA ; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control | Lisbon : OEDT / EMCDDA | Joint publications | 2018What are the most (cost-) effective ways to prevent and control communicable diseases in prison settings? In their joint public health Guidance, ECDC and the EMCDDA, present the evidence on active case finding as a key measure to diagnose commun[...]Rapport
OEDT = EMCDDA ; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control | Lisbon : OEDT / EMCDDA | Joint publications | 2018This evidence-based guidance aims to support the planning and implementation of effective programmes to prevent and control the transmission of infectious diseases in prison settings in the European region. It focuses on three high-burden blood-[...]Rapport
This is the final version of the questionnaire on drug use among prisoners at European level. The questionnaire is the results of several years of work in the field of drugs and prison, which has included the agreement on a methodological framew[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : Le document résume les points essentiels du Rapport Annuel de l'OEDT sur l'état du phénomène de la drogue dans l'Union Européenne. 1.Les nouvelles tendances de consommation et les problèmes liés à la drogue (vue d'ensemble par produ[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : Le cannabis reste la substance illicite la plus communément consommée dans tous les pays de l'UE. La consommation d'héroïne concerne moins d'un adulte sur 100 mais est la cause de la plupart des problèmes liés à la drogue dont la cr[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : Ce rapport est découpé en deux principales parties : la situation de la drogue regroupant la consommation, la demande de traitement, les infections et décès, la criminalité et le marché de la drogue. Une deuxième partie regroupe les[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : Le cannabis demeure la drogue illégale la plus couramment consommée dans l'UE. 15% des étudiants âgés de 15 ans qui ont expérimenté le cannabis au cours de l'année écoulée sont de "gros consommateurs" (à partir de 40 consommations a[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : Ce rapport donne un aperçu du phénomène de la drogue dans 29 pays de l'Europe avec un taux de prévalence qui s'élève à deux millions pour les usagers problématiques. Si le cannabis reste encore la drogue la plus populaire, on assi[...]Rapport
FRANÇAIS : Les données statistiques reprises dans ce document se rapportent à l'année 2004 (ou à la dernière année disponible). Le cannabis reste la drogue illicite d'origine végétale la plus produite et la plus sujette au trafic dans le monde[...]