Historique
Article de Périodique
Estimating the population size of people who inject drugs in Canada, 2021 (2025)
Auteur(s) :
WILLIAMS, A. ;
SORGE, J. ;
PERINET, S. ;
YANG, Q. ;
COX, J. ;
BONN, M. ;
SMOKE, A. ;
POPOVIC, N.
Année
2025
Page(s) :
364-373
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Refs biblio. :
39
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology)
Thésaurus géographique
CANADA
Thésaurus mots-clés
USAGER
;
EVALUATION
;
INJECTION
;
PRODUIT ILLICITE
;
METHODE
;
ANABOLISANTS
;
REGION
Résumé :
BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs are disproportionately affected by HIV and hepatitis C infections. Estimating the size and distribution of this population is essential in monitoring infectious diseases rates and progress towards elimination.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to estimate the population sizes of people in Canada who have ever injected drugs, stratified by sex (assigned at birth), province/region and steroid injection, and those who have recently injected drugs (past 12 months), stratified by sex and steroid injection. While a previous national study reported estimates of recent injection by province, this study provides the first estimates of people who have ever injected drugs at both the national and provincial/regional levels. It is also the first to incorporate stratification by sex and steroid injection, using the most currently available data.
METHODS: Using combined cycles (2017-2021) of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), a nationally representative population-based survey, we applied the weighted prevalence of injection drug use to the 2021 Statistics Canada national population size estimate of individuals aged 15 years or more. To this, further adjustments were made using additional data to account for populations not sampled in the CCHS and under-reporting of injection drug use in surveys.
RESULTS: In 2021, an estimated 388,400 (95% CI: 338,900-436,500) people in Canada had ever injected drugs, representing 1.22% of the Canadian population 15 years of age and older. Among these, 75% were male and 25% were female. These estimates varied across regions, ranging from 0.92% to 2.47%. The estimated number of people who have recently injected drugs was 100,300 (95% CI: 82,300-119,200) or 0.31% of the population, of which 74% were male and 26% were female.
CONCLUSION: Estimates of people who inject drugs at the national and provincial/regional levels can be used to track key epidemiological metrics that inform public health policy and programming. [Author's abstract]
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to estimate the population sizes of people in Canada who have ever injected drugs, stratified by sex (assigned at birth), province/region and steroid injection, and those who have recently injected drugs (past 12 months), stratified by sex and steroid injection. While a previous national study reported estimates of recent injection by province, this study provides the first estimates of people who have ever injected drugs at both the national and provincial/regional levels. It is also the first to incorporate stratification by sex and steroid injection, using the most currently available data.
METHODS: Using combined cycles (2017-2021) of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), a nationally representative population-based survey, we applied the weighted prevalence of injection drug use to the 2021 Statistics Canada national population size estimate of individuals aged 15 years or more. To this, further adjustments were made using additional data to account for populations not sampled in the CCHS and under-reporting of injection drug use in surveys.
RESULTS: In 2021, an estimated 388,400 (95% CI: 338,900-436,500) people in Canada had ever injected drugs, representing 1.22% of the Canadian population 15 years of age and older. Among these, 75% were male and 25% were female. These estimates varied across regions, ranging from 0.92% to 2.47%. The estimated number of people who have recently injected drugs was 100,300 (95% CI: 82,300-119,200) or 0.31% of the population, of which 74% were male and 26% were female.
CONCLUSION: Estimates of people who inject drugs at the national and provincial/regional levels can be used to track key epidemiological metrics that inform public health policy and programming. [Author's abstract]
Affiliation :
Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
Canadian Association of People Who Use Drugs, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
Ontario Network of People Who Use Drugs, ON, Canada
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
Canadian Association of People Who Use Drugs, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
Ontario Network of People Who Use Drugs, ON, Canada