Historique
Article de Périodique
Evidence update on e-cigarette dependence: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2025)
Auteur(s) :
KUNDU, A. ;
SANCHEZ, S. ;
SETH, S. ;
FEORE, A. ;
SUTTON, M. ;
SACHDEVA, K. ;
ABU-ZAROUR, N. ;
CHAITON, M. ;
SCHWARTZ, R.
Année
2025
Page(s) :
art. 108243
Sous-type de document :
Méta-analyse / Meta-analysis ; Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Domaine :
Tabac / Tobacco / e-cigarette
Discipline :
PRO (Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods)
Thésaurus mots-clés
E-CIGARETTE
;
DEPENDANCE
;
TABAC
;
CIGARETTE
;
COMPARAISON
;
NICOTINE
;
POLYCONSOMMATION
Résumé :
Introduction: We conducted this review to examine the risk of e-cigarette dependence in different populations by updating the review on this topic by the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine.
Methods: Six academic databases were searched for studies published between September 2017 and December 2023. We included peer-reviewed human, animal, cell/in vitro original studies examining associations of e-cigarette use and dependence but excluded qualitative studies. Three types of e-cigarette exposure were examined: acute, short-to-medium term, and long-term. Meta-analysis were conducted when possible. Different risk of bias tools were used for assessing quality of the included human studies.
Results: We included 107 studies, of which 34 studies were included in the subgroup analysis. Meta-analyses showed that non-smoker current vapers had no statistically significant difference in level or prevalence of dependence compared to non-vaper current smokers and dual users. However, never smoker current vapers had a lower level of dependence (SMD -0.723, p < 0.01) compared to dual users, which was also supported by ANOVA test. Narrative review findings suggest that nicotine vapers had higher level of dependence than non-nicotine vapers and e-cigarette dependence is positively associated with nicotine concentration, frequency, and duration of use. No strong relationship was found between dependence and product types or features. Socio-demographic factor-based subgroup findings were inconclusive.
Conclusions: The level and prevalence of e-cigarette dependence is similar to cigarette dependence. There was high variability in the definitions and methods used for defining populations and assessing dependence. Further research and monitoring are crucial. [Author's abstract]
Highlights:
E-cigarette dependence is similar to cigarette dependence.
Never smoker current vapers have lower dependence than dual users.
Dependence increases with nicotine concentration, frequency, and duration of use.
The relationship with different type of product use should be further investigated.
Methods: Six academic databases were searched for studies published between September 2017 and December 2023. We included peer-reviewed human, animal, cell/in vitro original studies examining associations of e-cigarette use and dependence but excluded qualitative studies. Three types of e-cigarette exposure were examined: acute, short-to-medium term, and long-term. Meta-analysis were conducted when possible. Different risk of bias tools were used for assessing quality of the included human studies.
Results: We included 107 studies, of which 34 studies were included in the subgroup analysis. Meta-analyses showed that non-smoker current vapers had no statistically significant difference in level or prevalence of dependence compared to non-vaper current smokers and dual users. However, never smoker current vapers had a lower level of dependence (SMD -0.723, p < 0.01) compared to dual users, which was also supported by ANOVA test. Narrative review findings suggest that nicotine vapers had higher level of dependence than non-nicotine vapers and e-cigarette dependence is positively associated with nicotine concentration, frequency, and duration of use. No strong relationship was found between dependence and product types or features. Socio-demographic factor-based subgroup findings were inconclusive.
Conclusions: The level and prevalence of e-cigarette dependence is similar to cigarette dependence. There was high variability in the definitions and methods used for defining populations and assessing dependence. Further research and monitoring are crucial. [Author's abstract]
Highlights:
E-cigarette dependence is similar to cigarette dependence.
Never smoker current vapers have lower dependence than dual users.
Dependence increases with nicotine concentration, frequency, and duration of use.
The relationship with different type of product use should be further investigated.
Affiliation :
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada