Historique
Article de Périodique
Management of alcohol withdrawal syndromes in general hospital settings (2025)
Auteur(s) :
KAST, K. A. ;
SIDELNIK, S. A. ;
NEJAD, S. H. ;
SUZUKI, J.
Année
2025
Page(s) :
art. e080461
Sous-type de document :
Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Refs biblio. :
200
Domaine :
Alcool / Alcohol
Thésaurus mots-clés
PRISE EN CHARGE
;
HOPITAL
;
SYNDROME DE SEVRAGE
;
SYNDROME DE SEVRAGE ALCOOLIQUE
;
ALCOOL
;
PHYSIOLOGIE
;
DEPISTAGE
;
ECHELLE D'EVALUATION
;
PHARMACOTHERAPIE
;
BENZODIAZEPINES
;
MECANISME D'ACTION
;
TRAITEMENT
;
RECOMMANDATION
;
SEVRAGE
Autres mots-clés
Résumé :
The covid-19 pandemic was associated with an unprecedented increase in alcohol consumption and associated morbidity, including hospitalizations for alcohol withdrawal. Clinicians based in hospitals must be ready to identify, assess, risk-stratify, and treat alcohol withdrawal with evidence based interventions. In this clinically focused review, we outline the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, screening, assessment, and treatment of alcohol withdrawal in the general hospital population. We review and summarize studies addressing the drug treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndromes in inpatient populations, with a focus on the use of benzodiazepine drugs, phenobarbital, antiseizure drugs, and α-2 adrenergic drugs. Emerging areas of interest include the use of novel alcohol biomarkers, risk stratification instruments, alternative symptom severity scales, severe withdrawal syndromes resistant to benzodiazepine drugs, and treatment protocol variations–including non-symptom-triggered and benzodiazepine-sparing protocols. We identify key areas for research including identification of populations who will benefit from non-benzodiazepine strategies, more individualized risk stratification approaches to guide treatment, and greater inclusion of gender and racial and ethnic minorities in future studies. [Author's abstract]
Affiliation :
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Addiction Medicine Consultation Services, Psychiatry Consultation Services, Valley Medical Center, Renton, WA, USA
Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Addiction Medicine Consultation Services, Psychiatry Consultation Services, Valley Medical Center, Renton, WA, USA
Division of Addiction Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA