Historique
Article de Périodique
Synthetic opioids: a review and clinical update (2022)
Auteur(s) :
SHAFI, A. ;
BERRY, A. J. ;
SUMNALL, H. ;
WOOD, D. M. ;
TRACY, D. K.
Année
2022
Page(s) :
doi: 10.1177/20451253221139616
Sous-type de document :
Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Domaine :
Autres substances / Other substances
Discipline :
PRO (Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods)
Thésaurus mots-clés
OPIOIDES
;
DROGUES DE SYNTHESE
;
FENTANYL
;
SURDOSE
;
MORTALITE
;
MECANISME D'ACTION
;
PHENOMENE EMERGENT
;
PHARMACOLOGIE
;
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGIE
;
CHIMIE
;
RECEPTEUR
;
TOXICITE
;
PRISE EN CHARGE
Thésaurus géographique
INTERNATIONAL
Résumé :
The term 'opioids' refers to both the natural compounds ('opiates') which are extracted from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum) and their semi-synthetic and synthetic derivatives. They all possess relatively similar biochemical profiles and interact with the opioid receptors within the human body to produce a wide range of physiological effects. They have historically been used for medicinal purposes, their analgesic and sedative effects, and in the management of chronic and severe pain. They have also been used for non-medicinal and recreational purposes to produce feelings of relaxation, euphoria and well-being. Over the last decade, the emergence of an illegal market in new synthetic opioids has become a major global public health issue, associated with a substantial increase in unintentional overdoses and drug-related deaths. Synthetic opioids include fentanyl, its analogues and emerging non-fentanyl opioids. Their popularity relates to changes in criminal markets, pricing, potency, availability compared to classic opioids, ease of transport and use, rapid effect and lack of detection by conventional testing technologies. This article expands on our previous review on new psychoactive substances. We now provide a more in-depth review on synthetic opioids and explore the current challenges faced by people who use drugs, healthcare professionals, and global public health systems.
Affiliation :
South West London and Saint George's Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK