Historique
Article de Périodique
Interventions to prevent HIV and Hepatitis C among people who inject drugs: Latest evidence of effectiveness from a systematic review (2011 to 2020) (2022)
Auteur(s) :
PALMATEER, N. ;
HAMILL, V. ;
BERGENSTROM, A. ;
BLOOMFIELD, H. ;
GORDON, L. ;
STONE, J. ;
FRASER, H. ;
SEYLER, T. ;
DUAN, Y. ;
TRAN, R. ;
TRAYNER, K. ;
BIGGAM, C. ;
SMITH, S. ;
VICKERMAN, P. ;
HICKMAN, M. ;
HUTCHINSON, S.
Année
2022
Page(s) :
art. 103872
Sous-type de document :
Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
MAL (Maladies infectieuses / Infectious diseases)
Thésaurus mots-clés
VIH
;
HEPATITE
;
PREVENTION
;
INTERVENTION
;
EFFICACITE
;
REDUCTION DES RISQUES ET DES DOMMAGES
;
USAGER
;
INJECTION
;
ECHANGE DE SERINGUES
;
TRAITEMENT DE MAINTENANCE
Résumé :
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV remain prevalent among people who inject drugs (PWID) and transmission is usually associated with injecting risk behaviour (IRB). We update a 2011 review of reviews (RoR) to assess the latest evidence on the effectiveness of harm reduction interventions - drug treatment (including opioid agonist therapy [OAT]), needle and syringe programmes (NSP) and other interventions - in the prevention of HCV and HIV transmission, and related measures of infection risk (IRB and injecting frequency [IF]), among PWID.
Methods: We undertook an initial search for systematic reviews (i.e. an Overview of Reviews [OoR]) and subsequent systematic searches for primary studies where required. Where there was sufficient evidence based on synthesis of multiple robust studies for an intervention effect in the 2011 RoR, new evidence was not sought. Medline, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched (2011-2020). Two reviewers screened papers, extracted data, and graded reviews/studies. We classified evidence as 'sufficient', 'tentative', 'insufficient', or 'no evidence'.
Results: We screened 8513 reviews and 7133 studies, with 27 and 61 identified as relevant, respectively. The level of evidence increased since the 2011 RoR and is now 'sufficient' for OAT (regarding all outcomes), NSP (for reducing HIV transmission and IRB), and combination OAT/NSP (for reducing HCV transmission). There is also now sufficient evidence for in-prison OAT, psychosocial interventions, pharmacy-based NSP and provision of sterile drug preparation equipment for reducing IRB.
Conclusion: There is now a strong body of empirical evidence for the effectiveness of OAT and NSP, alone and in combination, in reducing IRB, and HCV and HIV transmission. However, there is still a relative lack of evidence for other interventions, including heroin-assisted treatment, pharmacological treatment for stimulant dependence, contingency management, technology-based interventions, low dead space syringes and drug consumption rooms on HCV or HIV risk.
Highlights:
A literature review found sufficient evidence that, among people who inject drugs:
• Opioid agonist therapy can reduce HCV and HIV transmission.
• Needle/syringe programmes can reduce HIV transmission.
• Opioid agonist therapy and needle/syringes combined can reduce HCV transmission.
• There is still a lack of evidence for other interventions on HCV or HIV risk.
Methods: We undertook an initial search for systematic reviews (i.e. an Overview of Reviews [OoR]) and subsequent systematic searches for primary studies where required. Where there was sufficient evidence based on synthesis of multiple robust studies for an intervention effect in the 2011 RoR, new evidence was not sought. Medline, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched (2011-2020). Two reviewers screened papers, extracted data, and graded reviews/studies. We classified evidence as 'sufficient', 'tentative', 'insufficient', or 'no evidence'.
Results: We screened 8513 reviews and 7133 studies, with 27 and 61 identified as relevant, respectively. The level of evidence increased since the 2011 RoR and is now 'sufficient' for OAT (regarding all outcomes), NSP (for reducing HIV transmission and IRB), and combination OAT/NSP (for reducing HCV transmission). There is also now sufficient evidence for in-prison OAT, psychosocial interventions, pharmacy-based NSP and provision of sterile drug preparation equipment for reducing IRB.
Conclusion: There is now a strong body of empirical evidence for the effectiveness of OAT and NSP, alone and in combination, in reducing IRB, and HCV and HIV transmission. However, there is still a relative lack of evidence for other interventions, including heroin-assisted treatment, pharmacological treatment for stimulant dependence, contingency management, technology-based interventions, low dead space syringes and drug consumption rooms on HCV or HIV risk.
Highlights:
A literature review found sufficient evidence that, among people who inject drugs:
• Opioid agonist therapy can reduce HCV and HIV transmission.
• Needle/syringe programmes can reduce HIV transmission.
• Opioid agonist therapy and needle/syringes combined can reduce HCV transmission.
• There is still a lack of evidence for other interventions on HCV or HIV risk.
Affiliation :
Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, UK
Public Health Scotland, Meridian Court, Glasgow, UK
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Lisbon, Portugal
University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Bristol, UK
Public Health Scotland, Meridian Court, Glasgow, UK
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Lisbon, Portugal
University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Bristol, UK
Cote :
Abonnement