Historique
Article de Périodique
Sex differences in substance use from adolescence to young adulthood: Tests of increases in emergent adulthood and maturing out in later young adulthood (2020)
Auteur(s) :
WINDLE, M.
Année
2020
Page(s) :
art. 107813
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Domaine :
Alcool / Alcohol ; Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs ; Tabac / Tobacco / e-cigarette
Discipline :
EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology)
Thésaurus géographique
ETATS-UNIS
Thésaurus mots-clés
ETUDE LONGITUDINALE
;
ADOLESCENT
;
TRAJECTOIRE
;
ADULTE
;
DIFFERENCE DE GENRE
;
PREVALENCE
;
AGE
;
SEXE
;
ALCOOL
;
ABUS
;
TABAC
;
CANNABIS
;
PROCESSUS DE MATURATION
Résumé :
INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated sex differences in substance use changes across two transitions: from adolescence (age 17 yrs.) to emergent adulthood (age 23 yrs.), and maturing out from emergent to later young adulthood (ages 28 and 33 yrs.).
METHODS: Four-wave longitudinal data (N = 1004) from adolescence to young adulthood were used and five substance outcomes were assessed (cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use, heavy drinking episodes (HDEs), and alcohol problems). A longitudinal mixed model tested Sex x Time interactions to determine if sex moderated changes in substance outcomes.
RESULTS: Findings supported both increases in substance outcomes from adolescence to emergent adulthood and decreases in substance outcomes from emergent adulthood to later young adulthood. Sex moderated these relationships, with males increasing their use of substances more than females across the transition from adolescence to emergent adulthood. Findings were partially robust across substance outcomes, although sex specificity was indicated for some substance outcomes (e.g., males' greater acceleration than females for HDEs) for the adolescent to emergent adult interval (from ages 17-23 years) and sex differences in maturing out for some outcomes (e.g., females' matured out earlier than males for cigarette and marijuana use).
CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide support for developmental changes associated with significant increases in substance use during the early twenties and decreases (maturing out) in the late twenties and early thirties. Sex moderated the strength of these relationships and these sex differences may be associated with changes in young adult social roles (e.g., marriage, parenting, and occupational roles).
Highlights:
Four-wave data (N = 1004) tested sex differences substance use changes.
Males accelerated heavy drinking, alcohol problems, and marijuana use.
Females matured out of cigarette and marijuana use earlier.
Partial support was provided for changes sex differences across time.
METHODS: Four-wave longitudinal data (N = 1004) from adolescence to young adulthood were used and five substance outcomes were assessed (cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use, heavy drinking episodes (HDEs), and alcohol problems). A longitudinal mixed model tested Sex x Time interactions to determine if sex moderated changes in substance outcomes.
RESULTS: Findings supported both increases in substance outcomes from adolescence to emergent adulthood and decreases in substance outcomes from emergent adulthood to later young adulthood. Sex moderated these relationships, with males increasing their use of substances more than females across the transition from adolescence to emergent adulthood. Findings were partially robust across substance outcomes, although sex specificity was indicated for some substance outcomes (e.g., males' greater acceleration than females for HDEs) for the adolescent to emergent adult interval (from ages 17-23 years) and sex differences in maturing out for some outcomes (e.g., females' matured out earlier than males for cigarette and marijuana use).
CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide support for developmental changes associated with significant increases in substance use during the early twenties and decreases (maturing out) in the late twenties and early thirties. Sex moderated the strength of these relationships and these sex differences may be associated with changes in young adult social roles (e.g., marriage, parenting, and occupational roles).
Highlights:
Four-wave data (N = 1004) tested sex differences substance use changes.
Males accelerated heavy drinking, alcohol problems, and marijuana use.
Females matured out of cigarette and marijuana use earlier.
Partial support was provided for changes sex differences across time.
Affiliation :
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA