Historique
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Risk and transmission of HIV, HCV & HBV among stimulant drugs users: A review of the evidence. Methodology and summary of the findings. Part 1/5
Titre de série :
Systematic literature review on stimulant use and HIV
Auteur(s) :
ONUDC / UNODC (Office des Nations Unies contre la drogue et le crime / United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)
Année
2017
Page(s) :
27 p.
Sous-type de document :
Revue de la littérature
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Éditeur(s) :
Vienna : UNODC
Domaine :
Drogues illicites
Discipline :
MAL (Maladies infectieuses / Infectious diseases)
Thésaurus mots-clés
VIH
;
HEPATITE
;
FACTEUR DE RISQUE
;
INFECTION
;
METHODE
;
COCAINE
;
INJECTION
;
STIMULANTS
;
AMPHETAMINE
Résumé :
The objective of this review is to carry out a review of published and grey literature on the evidence of injecting and non-injecting stimulant use (particularly crack, cocaine and ATS) and their possible link to HIV, HCV & HBV vulnerability and transmission. To identify:
- The extent of HIV, HCV and HBC infection among stimulant users;
- Specific subgroups of stimulant users at greater risk of HIV, HCV and HBV infection;
- Temporal and geographical patterns of HIV, HCV and HBV infection among stimulant users.
Summary of findings:
- It is difficult to quantify the exact role of stimulant use in increasing HIV infection.
- Evidence seems to point towards a positive association between these two factors.
- There is great variability on the outcomes possibly due to local epidemiology and studies' differences.
- Groups at risk: Injecting and non-injecting stimulant users MSM and sex workers.
- Stimulant injectors seem to be at particular great risk of HIV-infection (when compared to non-IDU) and seem to engage in more injecting risk behaviours than other IDUS.
- Sex risk behaviour is also prevalent and significantly associated with stimulant use (ATS and crack).
- Mediator factors should be taken into count: impulsivity, social support access to clean needles.
- There might be structural, social, interpersonal and personal factors linking HIV and stimulant use.
- Gap in the literature: scarce of longitudinal cohort studies, lack of focus on minorities, controlling for polydrug use, self-reported data, few studies from LMIC.
- The extent of HIV, HCV and HBC infection among stimulant users;
- Specific subgroups of stimulant users at greater risk of HIV, HCV and HBV infection;
- Temporal and geographical patterns of HIV, HCV and HBV infection among stimulant users.
Summary of findings:
- It is difficult to quantify the exact role of stimulant use in increasing HIV infection.
- Evidence seems to point towards a positive association between these two factors.
- There is great variability on the outcomes possibly due to local epidemiology and studies' differences.
- Groups at risk: Injecting and non-injecting stimulant users MSM and sex workers.
- Stimulant injectors seem to be at particular great risk of HIV-infection (when compared to non-IDU) and seem to engage in more injecting risk behaviours than other IDUS.
- Sex risk behaviour is also prevalent and significantly associated with stimulant use (ATS and crack).
- Mediator factors should be taken into count: impulsivity, social support access to clean needles.
- There might be structural, social, interpersonal and personal factors linking HIV and stimulant use.
- Gap in the literature: scarce of longitudinal cohort studies, lack of focus on minorities, controlling for polydrug use, self-reported data, few studies from LMIC.