Historique
Article de Périodique
The efficacy and short-term effects of electronic cigarettes as a method for smoking cessation: a systematic review and a meta-analysis (2016)
Auteur(s) :
KHOUDIGIAN, S. ;
DEVJI, T. ;
LYTVYN, L. ;
CAMPBELL, K. ;
HOPKINS, R. ;
O’REILLY, D.
Année
2016
Page(s) :
257-267
Sous-type de document :
Méta-analyse / Meta-analysis ; Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Domaine :
Tabac / Tobacco / e-cigarette
Discipline :
EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology)
Thésaurus mots-clés
ARRET DU TABAC
;
E-CIGARETTE
;
EFFICACITE
;
SEVRAGE
;
SUBSTITUTS NICOTINIQUES
;
COMPARAISON
;
TABAC
;
SYNDROME DE SEVRAGE
;
EFFET SECONDAIRE
Résumé :
Objectives: E-cigarettes are increasingly popular as smoking cessation aids. This review assessed the efficacy of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation as well as desire to smoke, withdrawal symptoms, and adverse events in adult smokers.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted. Studies comparing e-cigarettes to other nicotine replacement therapies or placebo were included. Data were pooled using meta-analysis.
Results: Of 569 articles, 5 were eligible. Study participants were more likely to stop smoking when using nicotine e-cigarettes (43/489, 9%) versus placebo e-cigarettes (8/173, 5%); however, this difference was not statistically significant (RR 2.02; 95% CI 0.97, 4.22). The pooled effect estimates for the desire to smoke (RR -0.22; 95% CI -0.80, 0.36), irritability (RR -0.03; 95% CI -0.38, 0.31), restlessness (RR -0.03; 95% CI -0.42, 0.35), poor concentration (RR -0.01; 95% CI -0.35, 0.32), depression (RR -0.01; 95% CI -0.22, 0.20), hunger (RR -0.01; 95% CI -0.32, 0.30), and average number of non-serious adverse events (RR -0.09; 95% CI -0.28, 0.46) were not statistically significantly different. Only one study reported serious adverse events with no apparent association with e-cigarette use.
Conclusions: Limited low-quality evidence of a non-statistically significant trend toward smoking cessation in adults using nicotine e-cigarettes exists compared with other therapies or placebo. Larger, high-quality studies are needed to inform policy decisions.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted. Studies comparing e-cigarettes to other nicotine replacement therapies or placebo were included. Data were pooled using meta-analysis.
Results: Of 569 articles, 5 were eligible. Study participants were more likely to stop smoking when using nicotine e-cigarettes (43/489, 9%) versus placebo e-cigarettes (8/173, 5%); however, this difference was not statistically significant (RR 2.02; 95% CI 0.97, 4.22). The pooled effect estimates for the desire to smoke (RR -0.22; 95% CI -0.80, 0.36), irritability (RR -0.03; 95% CI -0.38, 0.31), restlessness (RR -0.03; 95% CI -0.42, 0.35), poor concentration (RR -0.01; 95% CI -0.35, 0.32), depression (RR -0.01; 95% CI -0.22, 0.20), hunger (RR -0.01; 95% CI -0.32, 0.30), and average number of non-serious adverse events (RR -0.09; 95% CI -0.28, 0.46) were not statistically significantly different. Only one study reported serious adverse events with no apparent association with e-cigarette use.
Conclusions: Limited low-quality evidence of a non-statistically significant trend toward smoking cessation in adults using nicotine e-cigarettes exists compared with other therapies or placebo. Larger, high-quality studies are needed to inform policy decisions.
Affiliation :
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada