Historique
Article de Périodique
Recreational phenethylamine poisonings reported to a French poison control center (2015)
Auteur(s) :
LE ROUX, G. ;
BRUNEAU, C. ;
LELIÈVRE, B. ;
BRETAUDEAU DEGUIGNE, M. ;
TURCANT, A. ;
HARRY, P. ;
BOELS, D.
Année
2015
Page(s) :
46-53
Sous-type de document :
Etude de cas / Case report
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
PRO (Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods)
Thésaurus géographique
FRANCE
Thésaurus mots-clés
DROGUES DE SYNTHESE
;
USAGE RECREATIF
;
INTOXICATION
;
ETUDE DE CAS
;
MDMA-ECSTASY
;
AMPHETAMINE
;
METHAMPHETAMINE
;
TOXICOLOGIE
;
EFFET SECONDAIRE
;
SYMPTOME
;
ANALYSE CHIMIQUE
;
CENTRE ANTIPOISON
Résumé :
Objectives Over the last decade, use of phenethylamines has become increasingly prevalent. This study aimed to describe typical aspects of phenethylamine poisoning in order to better inform patient care.
Methods: Phenethylamine poisoning cases reported to the Poison Control Center of Angers, France, from January, 2007 to December, 2013 were examined. Clinical findings were examined in 105 patients, including phenethylamine used, symptoms and final outcome. Patients were predominantly male (80%), with mean age 26 ± 8 years.
Results: MDMA (38%), amphetamine (18%) and methamphetamine (14%) were the most commonly reported. Synthetic cathinones (10%) and the 2C series (7%) were also found. Substances most commonly associated with phenethylamine poisoning were cannabis (27%), ethanol (20%) and cocaine (9%). The most frequently reported symptoms included anxiety and hallucinations (49%), mydriasis and headache (41%), tachycardia (40%) and hypertension (15%). Complications such as seizures (7%), cardiac arrest (5%), toxic myocarditis (1%) and hemorrhagic stroke (1%) were also observed. Of the cases, the Poison Severity Score was: null or low, 66%, moderate, 21%, severe or fatal, 13%. Of the patients, 77% received hospital care and 12.4% were admitted to an intensive care unit. Analytical confirmations were obtained for all severe cases. While 93% of patients recovered, there were 5 deaths and 2 patients presented with neurological sequelae.
Conclusions: Phenethylamine poisonings may be severe in young and healthy individuals. Physicians, toxicologists and analysts should be aware of new phenethylamine consumption trends in order to inform management of patient care and to contribute to a more responsive drug policy.
Highlights:
We analyzed 105 cases of phenethylamine poisoning reported to our poison control center.
MDMA, amphetamine and methamphetamine were the most represented drugs.
Psychiatric, cardiovascular or neurological disorders were the most frequent symptoms.
Toxicological confirmation was performed in more than half of patients.
Exposure was severe in nine cases and fatal in five cases.
Methods: Phenethylamine poisoning cases reported to the Poison Control Center of Angers, France, from January, 2007 to December, 2013 were examined. Clinical findings were examined in 105 patients, including phenethylamine used, symptoms and final outcome. Patients were predominantly male (80%), with mean age 26 ± 8 years.
Results: MDMA (38%), amphetamine (18%) and methamphetamine (14%) were the most commonly reported. Synthetic cathinones (10%) and the 2C series (7%) were also found. Substances most commonly associated with phenethylamine poisoning were cannabis (27%), ethanol (20%) and cocaine (9%). The most frequently reported symptoms included anxiety and hallucinations (49%), mydriasis and headache (41%), tachycardia (40%) and hypertension (15%). Complications such as seizures (7%), cardiac arrest (5%), toxic myocarditis (1%) and hemorrhagic stroke (1%) were also observed. Of the cases, the Poison Severity Score was: null or low, 66%, moderate, 21%, severe or fatal, 13%. Of the patients, 77% received hospital care and 12.4% were admitted to an intensive care unit. Analytical confirmations were obtained for all severe cases. While 93% of patients recovered, there were 5 deaths and 2 patients presented with neurological sequelae.
Conclusions: Phenethylamine poisonings may be severe in young and healthy individuals. Physicians, toxicologists and analysts should be aware of new phenethylamine consumption trends in order to inform management of patient care and to contribute to a more responsive drug policy.
Highlights:
We analyzed 105 cases of phenethylamine poisoning reported to our poison control center.
MDMA, amphetamine and methamphetamine were the most represented drugs.
Psychiatric, cardiovascular or neurological disorders were the most frequent symptoms.
Toxicological confirmation was performed in more than half of patients.
Exposure was severe in nine cases and fatal in five cases.
Affiliation :
CHU d'Angers, Poison Control Center Angers University Hospital, Poison Control Center, Angers, France