Historique
Article de Périodique
Self-reported prevalence of dependence of MDMA compared to cocaine, mephedrone and ketamine among a sample of recreational poly-drug users (2015)
Auteur(s) :
UOSUKAINEN, H. ;
TACKE, U. ;
WINSTOCK, A. R.
Année
2015
Page(s) :
78-83
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology)
Thésaurus géographique
ROYAUME-UNI
Thésaurus mots-clés
ETUDE TRANSVERSALE
;
PREVALENCE
;
MDMA-ECSTASY
;
COCAINE
;
MEPHEDRONE
;
KETAMINE
;
USAGE RECREATIF
;
POLYCONSOMMATION
;
DEPENDANCE
;
SYMPTOME
;
AUTOEVALUATION
;
DSM (III,IV,5)
Résumé :
Background: Evidence regarding MDMA (ecstasy) dependence and the most suitable criteria for its assessment are controversial. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of last year symptoms of dependence upon MDMA compared to cocaine, mephedrone and ketamine among a large global non-treatment seeking sample.
Methods: A cross-sectional anonymous online survey was promoted by a UK-based dance music website between 15 November 2010 and 1 January 2011. Endorsement of DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) dependence criteria was sought from all last year users of MDMA, cocaine, mephedrone and ketamine. Reporting >=3 dependence symptoms was indicative of dependence. Logistic regression models with Generalized Estimating Equations were used to compare dependence symptoms between groups.
Results: MDMA users were more likely to report >=3 DSM-IV dependence symptoms compared to users of cocaine (odds ratio OR 0.81, 95% confidence interval CI 0.71-0.93), mephedrone (OR 0.91, 95%CI 0.78-1.06) and ketamine (OR 0.52, 95%CI 0.44-0.62) (p < 0.001). MDMA users were less likely to report desire to use less or get help compared to users of other substances (p < 0.001). MDMA got the highest rating of pleasurable high (mean 8.2 ± 1.7) and lowest rating for risk of harm (mean 2.7 ± 2.4).
Conclusions: Our results highlight the self-reported dependence potential of MDMA but low desire to use less or get help. MDMA's pleasurable effects may compensate for drug-related problems and, therefore, DSM-IV criteria may not be suitable for assessing MDMA dependence. Further research is needed on the ability of DSM-V to assess MDMA dependence.
Highlights:
Evidence regarding MDMA dependence is controversial.
Dependence symptoms of MDMA, cocaine, mephedrone and ketamine users were compared.
MDMA users were more likely to self-report >=3 DSM-IV symptoms compared to others.
MDMA users were less likely to report desire to use less or get help.
DSM-IV criteria may not be suitable for assessing MDMA dependence.
Methods: A cross-sectional anonymous online survey was promoted by a UK-based dance music website between 15 November 2010 and 1 January 2011. Endorsement of DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) dependence criteria was sought from all last year users of MDMA, cocaine, mephedrone and ketamine. Reporting >=3 dependence symptoms was indicative of dependence. Logistic regression models with Generalized Estimating Equations were used to compare dependence symptoms between groups.
Results: MDMA users were more likely to report >=3 DSM-IV dependence symptoms compared to users of cocaine (odds ratio OR 0.81, 95% confidence interval CI 0.71-0.93), mephedrone (OR 0.91, 95%CI 0.78-1.06) and ketamine (OR 0.52, 95%CI 0.44-0.62) (p < 0.001). MDMA users were less likely to report desire to use less or get help compared to users of other substances (p < 0.001). MDMA got the highest rating of pleasurable high (mean 8.2 ± 1.7) and lowest rating for risk of harm (mean 2.7 ± 2.4).
Conclusions: Our results highlight the self-reported dependence potential of MDMA but low desire to use less or get help. MDMA's pleasurable effects may compensate for drug-related problems and, therefore, DSM-IV criteria may not be suitable for assessing MDMA dependence. Further research is needed on the ability of DSM-V to assess MDMA dependence.
Highlights:
Evidence regarding MDMA dependence is controversial.
Dependence symptoms of MDMA, cocaine, mephedrone and ketamine users were compared.
MDMA users were more likely to self-report >=3 DSM-IV symptoms compared to others.
MDMA users were less likely to report desire to use less or get help.
DSM-IV criteria may not be suitable for assessing MDMA dependence.
Affiliation :
School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
Cote :
Abonnement