Historique
Article de Périodique
What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use? (2015)
Auteur(s) :
HALL, W.
Année
2015
Page(s) :
19-35
Sous-type de document :
Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Refs biblio. :
165
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
EPI (Epidémiologie / Epidemiology)
Thésaurus mots-clés
RECHERCHE
;
CANNABIS
;
FACTEUR DE RISQUE
;
EPIDEMIOLOGIE
;
DEPENDANCE
;
ACCIDENT
;
PSYCHOPATHOLOGIE
;
USAGE REGULIER
;
COGNITION
;
SANTE MENTALE
;
ADOLESCENT
;
PATHOLOGIE ORGANIQUE
Note générale :
Commentary: The health effects of recreational cannabis use. Fergusson D.M., Boden J.M., p. 36-37.
Résumé :
Aims: To examine changes in the evidence on the adverse health effects of cannabis since 1993.
Methods: A comparison of the evidence in 1993 with the evidence and interpretation of the same health outcomes in 2013.
Results: Research in the past 20 years has shown that driving while cannabis-impaired approximately doubles car crash risk and that around one in 10 regular cannabis users develop dependence. Regular cannabis use in adolescence approximately doubles the risks of early school-leaving and of cognitive impairment and psychoses in adulthood. Regular cannabis use in adolescence is also associated strongly with the use of other illicit drugs. These associations persist after controlling for plausible confounding variables in longitudinal studies. This suggests that cannabis use is a contributory cause of these outcomes but some researchers still argue that these relationships are explained by shared causes or risk factors. Cannabis smoking probably increases cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged adults but its effects on respiratory function and respiratory cancer remain unclear, because most cannabis smokers have smoked or still smoke tobacco.
Conclusions: The epidemiological literature in the past 20 years shows that cannabis use increases the risk of accidents and can produce dependence, and that there are consistent associations between regular cannabis use and poor psychosocial outcomes and mental health in adulthood.
Methods: A comparison of the evidence in 1993 with the evidence and interpretation of the same health outcomes in 2013.
Results: Research in the past 20 years has shown that driving while cannabis-impaired approximately doubles car crash risk and that around one in 10 regular cannabis users develop dependence. Regular cannabis use in adolescence approximately doubles the risks of early school-leaving and of cognitive impairment and psychoses in adulthood. Regular cannabis use in adolescence is also associated strongly with the use of other illicit drugs. These associations persist after controlling for plausible confounding variables in longitudinal studies. This suggests that cannabis use is a contributory cause of these outcomes but some researchers still argue that these relationships are explained by shared causes or risk factors. Cannabis smoking probably increases cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged adults but its effects on respiratory function and respiratory cancer remain unclear, because most cannabis smokers have smoked or still smoke tobacco.
Conclusions: The epidemiological literature in the past 20 years shows that cannabis use increases the risk of accidents and can produce dependence, and that there are consistent associations between regular cannabis use and poor psychosocial outcomes and mental health in adulthood.
Affiliation :
The University of Queensland Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, Herston, Australia
Cote :
Abonnement