Historique
Article de Périodique
Association between stillbirth and illicit drug use and smoking during pregnancy (2014)
Auteur(s) :
VARNER, M. W. ;
SILVER, R. M. ;
ROWLAND HOGUE, C. J. ;
WILLINGER, M. ;
PARKER, C. B. ;
THORSTEN, V. R. ;
GOLDENBERG, R. L. ;
SAADE, G. R. ;
DUDLEY, D. J. ;
COUSTAN, D. ;
STOLL, B. ;
BUKOWSKI, R. ;
KOCH, M. A. ;
CONWAY, D. ;
PINAR, H. ;
REDDY, U. M. ;
The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health Human Development Stillbirth Collaborative Research Network
Année
2014
Page(s) :
113-125
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Refs biblio. :
37
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs ; Tabac / Tobacco / e-cigarette
Discipline :
PAT (Pathologie organique / Organic pathology)
Thésaurus géographique
ETATS-UNIS
Thésaurus mots-clés
NOUVEAU-NE
;
MORTALITE
;
GROSSESSE
;
TABAC
;
PRODUIT ILLICITE
;
CANNABIS
;
FACTEUR DE RISQUE
;
TOXICOLOGIE
;
COTININE
;
DEPISTAGE
;
ETUDE CAS-TEMOINS
Note générale :
News: Marijuana, tobacco use associated with stillbirth risk. Kuehn B.M., JAMA, 2014;311(4): p. 350.
Résumé :
OBJECTIVE: To compare illicit drug and smoking use in pregnancies with and without stillbirth.
METHODS: The Stillbirth Collaborative Research Network conducted a case-control study from March 2006 to September 2008, covering more than 90% of deliveries to residents of five a priori-defined geographically diverse regions. The study attempted to include all stillbirths and representative liveborn controls. Umbilical cord samples from cases and controls were collected and frozen for subsequent batch analysis. Maternal serum was collected at delivery and batch analyzed for cotinine.
RESULTS: For 663 stillbirth deliveries, 418 (63%) had cord homogenate and 579 (87%) had maternal cotinine assays performed. For 1,932 live birth deliveries, 1,050 (54%) had cord homogenate toxicology and 1,545 (80%) had maternal cotinine assays performed. A positive cord homogenate test for any illicit drug was associated with stillbirth (odds ratio [OR] 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-3.27). The most common individual drug was cannabis (OR 2.34 95% CI 1.13-4.81), although the effect was partially confounded by smoking. Both maternal self-reported smoking history and maternal serum cotinine levels were associated in a dose-response relationship with stillbirth. Positive serum cotinine less than 3 ng/mL and no reported history of smoking (proxy for passive smoke exposure) also were associated with stillbirth (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.24-3.41).
CONCLUSION: Cannabis use, smoking, illicit drug use, and apparent exposure to second-hand smoke, separately or in combination, during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of stillbirth. Because cannabis use may be increasing with increased legalization, the relevance of these findings may increase as well.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
METHODS: The Stillbirth Collaborative Research Network conducted a case-control study from March 2006 to September 2008, covering more than 90% of deliveries to residents of five a priori-defined geographically diverse regions. The study attempted to include all stillbirths and representative liveborn controls. Umbilical cord samples from cases and controls were collected and frozen for subsequent batch analysis. Maternal serum was collected at delivery and batch analyzed for cotinine.
RESULTS: For 663 stillbirth deliveries, 418 (63%) had cord homogenate and 579 (87%) had maternal cotinine assays performed. For 1,932 live birth deliveries, 1,050 (54%) had cord homogenate toxicology and 1,545 (80%) had maternal cotinine assays performed. A positive cord homogenate test for any illicit drug was associated with stillbirth (odds ratio [OR] 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-3.27). The most common individual drug was cannabis (OR 2.34 95% CI 1.13-4.81), although the effect was partially confounded by smoking. Both maternal self-reported smoking history and maternal serum cotinine levels were associated in a dose-response relationship with stillbirth. Positive serum cotinine less than 3 ng/mL and no reported history of smoking (proxy for passive smoke exposure) also were associated with stillbirth (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.24-3.41).
CONCLUSION: Cannabis use, smoking, illicit drug use, and apparent exposure to second-hand smoke, separately or in combination, during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of stillbirth. Because cannabis use may be increasing with increased legalization, the relevance of these findings may increase as well.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Affiliation :
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA