Historique
Article de Périodique
Change in mental health after smoking cessation: systematic review and meta-analysis (2014)
Auteur(s) :
TAYLOR, G. ;
McNEILL, A. ;
GIRLING, A. ;
FARLEY, A. ;
LINDSON-HAWLEY, N. ;
AVEYARD, P.
Année
2014
Page(s) :
g1151
Sous-type de document :
Méta-analyse / Meta-analysis ; Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Domaine :
Tabac / Tobacco / e-cigarette
Discipline :
PSY (Psychopathologie / Psychopathology)
Thésaurus mots-clés
ARRET DU TABAC
;
TABAC
;
SEVRAGE
;
ABSTINENCE
;
SANTE MENTALE
;
ADULTE
;
ANXIETE
;
DEPRESSION
;
PSYCHOPATHOLOGIE
;
QUALITE DE VIE
Note générale :
- Editorial: Quitting smoking is associated with long term improvements in mood. Prochaska J.J., g1562.
- Letter: Sanderson S.C., Taylor A., Munafo M. Article does not prove that smoking cessation has an "effect" on mental health. British Medical Journal, 2014;348(7949): g2018.
- Letter: Sanderson S.C., Taylor A., Munafo M. Article does not prove that smoking cessation has an "effect" on mental health. British Medical Journal, 2014;348(7949): g2018.
Résumé :
Objective: To investigate change in mental health after smoking cessation compared with continuing to smoke.
Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
Data sources: Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO for relevant studies from inception to April 2012. Reference lists of included studies were hand searched, and authors were contacted when insufficient data were reported.
Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: Longitudinal studies of adults that assessed mental health before smoking cessation and at least six weeks after cessation or baseline in healthy and clinical populations.
Results: 26 studies that assessed mental health with questionnaires designed to measure anxiety, depression, mixed anxiety and depression, psychological quality of life, positive affect, and stress were included. Follow-up mental health scores were measured between seven weeks and nine years after baseline. Anxiety, depression, mixed anxiety and depression, and stress significantly decreased between baseline and follow-up in quitters compared with continuing smokers: the standardised mean differences (95% confidence intervals) were anxiety -0.37 (95% confidence interval -0.70 to -0.03); depression -0.25 (-0.37 to -0.12); mixed anxiety and depression -0.31 (-0.47 to -0.14); stress -0.27 (-0.40 to -0.13). Both psychological quality of life and positive affect significantly increased between baseline and follow-up in quitters compared with continuing smokers 0.22 (0.09 to 0.36) and 0.40 (0.09 to 0.71), respectively). There was no evidence that the effect size differed between the general population and populations with physical or psychiatric disorders.
Conclusions: Smoking cessation is associated with reduced depression, anxiety, and stress and improved positive mood and quality of life compared with continuing to smoke. The effect size seems as large for those with psychiatric disorders as those without. The effect sizes are equal or larger than those of antidepressant treatment for mood and anxiety disorders.
Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
Data sources: Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO for relevant studies from inception to April 2012. Reference lists of included studies were hand searched, and authors were contacted when insufficient data were reported.
Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: Longitudinal studies of adults that assessed mental health before smoking cessation and at least six weeks after cessation or baseline in healthy and clinical populations.
Results: 26 studies that assessed mental health with questionnaires designed to measure anxiety, depression, mixed anxiety and depression, psychological quality of life, positive affect, and stress were included. Follow-up mental health scores were measured between seven weeks and nine years after baseline. Anxiety, depression, mixed anxiety and depression, and stress significantly decreased between baseline and follow-up in quitters compared with continuing smokers: the standardised mean differences (95% confidence intervals) were anxiety -0.37 (95% confidence interval -0.70 to -0.03); depression -0.25 (-0.37 to -0.12); mixed anxiety and depression -0.31 (-0.47 to -0.14); stress -0.27 (-0.40 to -0.13). Both psychological quality of life and positive affect significantly increased between baseline and follow-up in quitters compared with continuing smokers 0.22 (0.09 to 0.36) and 0.40 (0.09 to 0.71), respectively). There was no evidence that the effect size differed between the general population and populations with physical or psychiatric disorders.
Conclusions: Smoking cessation is associated with reduced depression, anxiety, and stress and improved positive mood and quality of life compared with continuing to smoke. The effect size seems as large for those with psychiatric disorders as those without. The effect sizes are equal or larger than those of antidepressant treatment for mood and anxiety disorders.
Affiliation :
School of Health and Population Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK