Historique
Article de Périodique
Designer cathinones - An emerging class of novel recreational drugs (2013)
Auteur(s) :
ZAWILSKA, J. B. ;
WOJCIESZAK, J.
Année
2013
Page(s) :
42-53
Sous-type de document :
Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Refs biblio. :
134
Domaine :
Autres substances / Other substances
Discipline :
PRO (Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods)
Thésaurus mots-clés
DROGUES DE SYNTHESE
;
CATHINONES
;
PHENOMENE EMERGENT
;
MEPHEDRONE
;
EFFET SECONDAIRE
;
PREVALENCE
;
USAGE RECREATIF
;
TYPE D'USAGE
;
METABOLISME
;
SYMPTOME
Note de contenu :
CONTENTS:
1. Introduction
2. Synthetic cathinones - the main active components of "bath salts"
2.1. General characterization
2.2. Prevalence of use
2.3. Pattern of use
2.4. Metabolism
3. Synthetic cathinones - how do they act at the molecular level?
4. Effects of synthetic cathinones in animals
4.1. Locomotor activity
4.2. Learning and memory
4.3. Reinforcing properties and abuse potential
5. Effects of synthetic cathinones in humans
5.1. Desired effects of "bath salts"
5.2. Adverse effects of "bath salts"
5.3. Deaths related to the recreational use of "bath salts"
6. Conclusions
1. Introduction
2. Synthetic cathinones - the main active components of "bath salts"
2.1. General characterization
2.2. Prevalence of use
2.3. Pattern of use
2.4. Metabolism
3. Synthetic cathinones - how do they act at the molecular level?
4. Effects of synthetic cathinones in animals
4.1. Locomotor activity
4.2. Learning and memory
4.3. Reinforcing properties and abuse potential
5. Effects of synthetic cathinones in humans
5.1. Desired effects of "bath salts"
5.2. Adverse effects of "bath salts"
5.3. Deaths related to the recreational use of "bath salts"
6. Conclusions
Résumé :
A new group of recreational drugs, popularly known as "bath salts", "plant feeders" or "plant food", has recently emerged in numerous countries. Although various products are labeled with warnings "not for human consumption" or "not tested for hazards or toxicity", they are intended to produce a high similar to that obtained with illegal stimulants, such as MDMA, methamphetamine or cocaine. The active compounds in "bath salts" are cathinone derivatives continuously developed and modified by drug designers to avoid detection or legal scrutiny. Around 2010 the most prevalent were mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone) and MDPV (3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone). This review surveys the current state of knowledge regarding the pharmacotoxicological properties of synthetic cathinones, the prevalence and pattern of their use. Special emphasis is given to the negative consequences of using these products including, among others, cardiovascular, psychiatric and neurologic symptoms, dehydration, rhambdomyolysis, renal and liver failure. Case reports on synthetic cathinones-related fatalities are also presented.
Affiliation :
Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland