Historique
Article de Périodique
Psychoactive drug use in evolutionary perspective (1997)
(Usage de psychotropes sous l'angle de l'évolution)
Auteur(s) :
NESSE R. M. ;
BERRIDGE, K. C.
Année
1997
Page(s) :
63-66
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Refs biblio. :
51
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
PSY (Psychopathologie / Psychopathology)
Thésaurus mots-clés
PSYCHOTROPES
;
MECANISME D'ACTION
;
USAGE THERAPEUTIQUE
;
NEUROBIOLOGIE
;
CERVEAU
;
COMPORTEMENT
;
PSYCHIATRIE
Résumé :
FRANÇAIS :
Les mécanismes neurochimiques qui contrôlent les émotions, leurs origines et leurs fonctions nécessitent encore d'être mieux connus pour décider de l'intérêt de l'usage thérapeutique de certaines drogues psychotropes.
ENGLISH :
Pure psychoactive drugs and direct routes of administration are evolutionarily novel features of our environment. They are inherently pathogenic because they bypass adaptive information processing systems and act directly on ancient brain mechanisms that control emotion and behavior. Drugs that induce positive emotions give a false signal of a fitness benefit. This signal hijacks incentive mechanisms of "liking" and "wanting," and can result in continued use of drugs that no longer bring pleasure. Drugs that block negative emotions can impair useful defenses, although there are several reasons why their use is often safe nonetheless. A deeper understanding of the evolutionary origins and functions of the emotions and their neural mechanisms is needed as a basis for decisions about the use of psychoactive drugs.
Les mécanismes neurochimiques qui contrôlent les émotions, leurs origines et leurs fonctions nécessitent encore d'être mieux connus pour décider de l'intérêt de l'usage thérapeutique de certaines drogues psychotropes.
ENGLISH :
Pure psychoactive drugs and direct routes of administration are evolutionarily novel features of our environment. They are inherently pathogenic because they bypass adaptive information processing systems and act directly on ancient brain mechanisms that control emotion and behavior. Drugs that induce positive emotions give a false signal of a fitness benefit. This signal hijacks incentive mechanisms of "liking" and "wanting," and can result in continued use of drugs that no longer bring pleasure. Drugs that block negative emotions can impair useful defenses, although there are several reasons why their use is often safe nonetheless. A deeper understanding of the evolutionary origins and functions of the emotions and their neural mechanisms is needed as a basis for decisions about the use of psychoactive drugs.
Affiliation :
Department of Psychiatry and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA