Historique
Rapport
A report on global illicit drug markets 1998-2007. Full report
(Rapport sur les marchés mondiaux des drogues illicites 1998-2007)
Auteur(s) :
REUTER, P. ;
TRAUTMANN, F.
Année
2009
Page(s) :
630 p.
Langue(s) :
Anglais
ISBN :
978-92-79-11945-3
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
MAR (Marchés / Markets)
Thésaurus géographique
INTERNATIONAL
Thésaurus mots-clés
MARCHE DE LA DROGUE
;
PRODUIT ILLICITE
;
PRODUCTION
;
POLITIQUE
;
CONSOMMATION
;
EVOLUTION
;
ECONOMIE
;
COUT
;
EVALUATION
;
METHODE
Note de contenu :
Subreports (in six sections) and Appendix:
Report 1: The operation of the global drug market (Peter Reuter).
Report 2: Estimating the size of the illicit drug markets: A demand-side approach (Beau Kilmer, Rosalie Pacula).
Report 3: Issues in estimating the economic cost of drug abuse in consuming nations (Rosalie Liccardo Pacula, Stijn Hoorens, Beau Kilmer, Peter Reuter, Jim Burgdorf, Priscilia Hunt).
Report 4: The drugs problem and drug policy, developments between 1998 - 2007 (Franz Trautmann, Peter Reuter, André van Gageldonk, Daan van der Gouwe).
Report 5: The unintended consequences of drug policies (Peter Reuter).
Report 6: Methodological challenges (André van Gageldonk, Peter Reuter, Franz Trautmann).
Appendix to report 4 - country reports: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Mexico, The Netherlands, Portugal, Russian Federation, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States).
Report 1: The operation of the global drug market (Peter Reuter).
Report 2: Estimating the size of the illicit drug markets: A demand-side approach (Beau Kilmer, Rosalie Pacula).
Report 3: Issues in estimating the economic cost of drug abuse in consuming nations (Rosalie Liccardo Pacula, Stijn Hoorens, Beau Kilmer, Peter Reuter, Jim Burgdorf, Priscilia Hunt).
Report 4: The drugs problem and drug policy, developments between 1998 - 2007 (Franz Trautmann, Peter Reuter, André van Gageldonk, Daan van der Gouwe).
Report 5: The unintended consequences of drug policies (Peter Reuter).
Report 6: Methodological challenges (André van Gageldonk, Peter Reuter, Franz Trautmann).
Appendix to report 4 - country reports: Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Mexico, The Netherlands, Portugal, Russian Federation, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States).
Résumé :
This report on the worlds illicit drugs markets has been produced by an international team of experts on behalf of the European Commission.
The EU Strategy on Drugs 2005-2012 calls for evidence-based policies. The Action Plans on Drugs that the Commission has proposed in its Communications of 2005 and 2008 strongly emphasise this.
Some highlights:
1. The study has found no evidence that the global drug problem was reduced during the UNGASS period from 1998 to 2007. For some nations the problem declined but for others it worsened and for some of those it worsened sharply and substantially. The drug problem generally lessened in rich countries and worsened in a few large developing or transitional countries.
2. Production of opium was relatively stable until 2006, after which estimates show a large increase in Afghanistan. These estimates are somewhat troubling as there is no evidence in the world of unusual price declines or increases in consumption.
3. The global number of users of cocaine and heroin expanded over the period. In most Western countries the number of frequent users of heroin has declined through most of the last ten years, while a serious epidemic of opiate use occurred in some countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The total number of cannabis users worldwide has probably declined.
4. Cannabis use has become part of adolescent development in many Western countries. For example in Australia, Switzerland and the United States about half of everyone born since 1980 will have tried the drug by age 21.
5. The markets for illegal drugs are mostly competitive, not vertically integrated or dominated by major dealers or cartels. The ties to terrorism and armed insurrection are important but only in a few places, such as Afghanistan and Colombia. [Fraom the Editor's abstract]
The EU Strategy on Drugs 2005-2012 calls for evidence-based policies. The Action Plans on Drugs that the Commission has proposed in its Communications of 2005 and 2008 strongly emphasise this.
Some highlights:
1. The study has found no evidence that the global drug problem was reduced during the UNGASS period from 1998 to 2007. For some nations the problem declined but for others it worsened and for some of those it worsened sharply and substantially. The drug problem generally lessened in rich countries and worsened in a few large developing or transitional countries.
2. Production of opium was relatively stable until 2006, after which estimates show a large increase in Afghanistan. These estimates are somewhat troubling as there is no evidence in the world of unusual price declines or increases in consumption.
3. The global number of users of cocaine and heroin expanded over the period. In most Western countries the number of frequent users of heroin has declined through most of the last ten years, while a serious epidemic of opiate use occurred in some countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The total number of cannabis users worldwide has probably declined.
4. Cannabis use has become part of adolescent development in many Western countries. For example in Australia, Switzerland and the United States about half of everyone born since 1980 will have tried the drug by age 21.
5. The markets for illegal drugs are mostly competitive, not vertically integrated or dominated by major dealers or cartels. The ties to terrorism and armed insurrection are important but only in a few places, such as Afghanistan and Colombia. [Fraom the Editor's abstract]
Affiliation :
RAND ; Trimbos Institute
Pays-Bas. Netherlands.
Pays-Bas. Netherlands.