La Finlande et la drogue

FRANÇAIS :
Cet article fait le bilan de l'abus des drogues en Finlande. Ce bilan n'inclue pas l'usage d'alcool, de calmants, d'hypnotiques. La population étudiée comprend les adolescents, les adultes et les appelés militaires. Sur la base des données concernant la mortalité le nombre de consommateurs confirmés est estimé entre 2000 et 8000. Sur la base des nombres de personnes contaminées par l'hépatite C le nombre de personnes ayant abusé des drogues par voie intraveineuse est estimé entre 2000 et 10000. Les statistisques concernant les visites en consultation externe, les hospitalisations n'ont pas évolué de façon nette entre 1989 et 1995. Cependant le nombre de décès ayant pour cause sous jacente la dépendance aux drogues s'est multipliée par six entre 1987 et 1995. Enfin, comparé aux autres pays européens, le taux d'abus de drogues est bas.
ENGLISH :
The occurence of drug misuse (intoxicating or recreational use of mind-altering drugs, forbidden by international conventions on narcotic and psychoactive drugs) in Finland is reviewed. According to mail and interview surveys, approximately 5-9% of Finns have experimented with drug misuse. Excluding experimenters, the number of episodic and regular drug misusers is estimated at approximately 4 000-20 000 persons. Based on mortality data, the number of drug misusers can be estimated at approximately 2 000-8 000 persons. Based on the numbers of hepatitis C infected persons, the number of persons having ever misused drugs intravenously is approximately 2 000-10 000. The number of drug misusers in need of health and social welfare services can be estimated at 1 200-2 400. No notable changes has been observed in the numbers of misuse-related outpatient visits, hospital admissions or in deaths due to drug dependence during the recent years. However, drugs of misuse have been detected in an increasing number of deaths; the increase has been six-fold between 1988-1995. Increasing number of hepatitis C infections suggests that intravenous misuse is on the increase. Compared to other European countries, the occurence of drug misuse is low. Lack of accurate data undermines the monitoring of drug misuse trend. (Author's abstract)