Historique
Périodique
Syringe laws and pharmacy regulations are structural constraints on HIV prevention in the US
(Les lois sur les seringues et la réglementation pharmaceutique sont deux contraintes structurelles à la prévention du VIH aux Etats-Unis.)
Auteur(s) :
TAUSSIG J. A. ;
WEINSTEIN, B. ;
BURRIS, S. ;
JONES, T. S.
Année
2000
Page(s) :
47-51
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Refs biblio. :
30
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
MAL (Maladies infectieuses / Infectious diseases)
Thésaurus mots-clés
VIH
;
REDUCTION DES RISQUES ET DES DOMMAGES
;
SERINGUE
;
PHARMACIE
;
PRESCRIPTION MEDICALE
;
LEGISLATION
;
INJECTION
Thésaurus géographique
ETATS-UNIS
Note générale :
AIDS, 2000, 14, (Supplement 1), 47-51
Résumé :
FRANÇAIS :
Aux Etats-Unis, la vente de seringues stériles aux usagers de drogues par injection (UDVIs) dans les pharmacies est régie par des lois et des réglementations qui limitent la disponibilité des seringues (nécessité d'une prescription) et qui vont ainsi à l'encontre des mesures de prévention du VIH. Dans le Connecticut, depuis le 12 juillet 1992, cette loi a été assouplie rendant légale la délivrance sans ordonnance et la possession de 10 seringues stériles. Les ventes de seringue en pharmacie et les achats par les UDVIs ont augmenté alors que le partage de seringues a diminué selon les témoignages des UDVIs. Les Etats du Maine et du Minnesota ont adopté des mesures similaires. La vente de seringues en pharmacie aux UDVIs est une intervention peu coûteuse qui a un potentiel important de réduction des contaminations VIH.
ENGLISH :
Objective: To review the legal and regulatory barriers that restrict pharmacy sales of syringes to injection drug users (IDUs) and to discuss how reducing these barriers can facilitate access to sterile syringes for IDUs and improve HIV prevention. Background: IDUs' access to sterile syringes from community pharmacies in the United States is limited by state laws and regulations governing syringe sales. Restricted availability of sterile syringes from pharmacies is a structural barrier that greatly impedes HIV prevention for IDUs, who often share and reuse syringes because they cannot obtain and possess sterile syringes. These high-risk behaviors contribute to the transmission of HIV and other blood-borne pathogens among IDUs, their sexual partners, and their children. State experiences: In Connecticut, because of high HIV prevalence among IDUs, restrictive syringe laws were changed. After the legal changes in Connecticut, both pharmacy sales of syringes in areas of high drug use and pur- chases of syringes in pharmacies (reported by IDUs) increased, while syringe sharing (reported by IDUs) decreased. Maine and Minnesota have made similar changes in laws. Conclusions: Increasing access to sterile syringes through pharmacies requires the repeal or modification of legal barriers. Pharmacy sale of syringes to IDUs is an inexpensive HIV prevention intervention with the potential to substantially reduce HIV transmission. Further studies are needed to document how changes to legal barriers can influence HIV prevention for IDUs. (Author' s abstract)
Aux Etats-Unis, la vente de seringues stériles aux usagers de drogues par injection (UDVIs) dans les pharmacies est régie par des lois et des réglementations qui limitent la disponibilité des seringues (nécessité d'une prescription) et qui vont ainsi à l'encontre des mesures de prévention du VIH. Dans le Connecticut, depuis le 12 juillet 1992, cette loi a été assouplie rendant légale la délivrance sans ordonnance et la possession de 10 seringues stériles. Les ventes de seringue en pharmacie et les achats par les UDVIs ont augmenté alors que le partage de seringues a diminué selon les témoignages des UDVIs. Les Etats du Maine et du Minnesota ont adopté des mesures similaires. La vente de seringues en pharmacie aux UDVIs est une intervention peu coûteuse qui a un potentiel important de réduction des contaminations VIH.
ENGLISH :
Objective: To review the legal and regulatory barriers that restrict pharmacy sales of syringes to injection drug users (IDUs) and to discuss how reducing these barriers can facilitate access to sterile syringes for IDUs and improve HIV prevention. Background: IDUs' access to sterile syringes from community pharmacies in the United States is limited by state laws and regulations governing syringe sales. Restricted availability of sterile syringes from pharmacies is a structural barrier that greatly impedes HIV prevention for IDUs, who often share and reuse syringes because they cannot obtain and possess sterile syringes. These high-risk behaviors contribute to the transmission of HIV and other blood-borne pathogens among IDUs, their sexual partners, and their children. State experiences: In Connecticut, because of high HIV prevalence among IDUs, restrictive syringe laws were changed. After the legal changes in Connecticut, both pharmacy sales of syringes in areas of high drug use and pur- chases of syringes in pharmacies (reported by IDUs) increased, while syringe sharing (reported by IDUs) decreased. Maine and Minnesota have made similar changes in laws. Conclusions: Increasing access to sterile syringes through pharmacies requires the repeal or modification of legal barriers. Pharmacy sale of syringes to IDUs is an inexpensive HIV prevention intervention with the potential to substantially reduce HIV transmission. Further studies are needed to document how changes to legal barriers can influence HIV prevention for IDUs. (Author' s abstract)
Affiliation :
National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Office of Communications, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop E-06, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Etats-Unis. United States.
Etats-Unis. United States.