Troubles anxio-dépressifs des fumeurs : une prévalence élevée

FRANÇAIS :
Les troubles anxieux et dépressifs sont très fréquents dans la population française. L'évaluation de la prévalence de ces troubles est effectuée dans le cadre d'une prise en charge de l'arrêt du tabac. Les items des tests de Horn, de motivation et HAD sont repris, ainsi que les antécédents médicaux. Pour 57 % de fumeurs souhaitant s'arrêter de fumer, la cigarette apporte une "aide". Une grande majorité d'entre eux se disent stressés, 68 % ont un trouble anxieux et 22 % un trouble dépressif. Ceci confirme l'importance de la prise en charge de ces troubles pour éviter les rechutes après sevrage tabagique. (A partir du résumé d'auteur.)
ENGLISH:
Objectives: The anxious and depressive disorders are numerous in the French population. These have an impact on the difficulty that some people have to stop smoking. The objective of our survey was to assess the frequency and the importance of these disorders in a population of smokers who came in an outpatient clinic for smoking cessation. Method: We took the items of the questionnaire to which all patients answer before the first consultation (test of Horn, test of incentive and HAD test), as well as those that are recovered at the time of the cross-examination on the medical antecedents. We compared these results to a control group, consulting in a physicians'office of family practice for something else than smoking cessation, and to these of the literature on the anxious and depressive disorders in general population. Results: In the population of smokers wishing to stop smoking, 57 % had a criteria of help by the cigarette as first reason of tobacco addiction. 84 % had the feeling not to have a quiet and relaxed temperament (50 % of the control group), 68 % had an anxious disorder at the HAD test (43 % of the control group) and 22% had a depressive disorder also diagnosed by the HAD test (5,2 % of a general population). Conclusion: This survey confirms the high frequency of the anxious and depressive disorders among the smokers who ask some help for smoking cessation. As these disorders have negative impact on smoking cessation, it is indispensable to detect them systematically and to take care of them in specialised and family practice office visits. (Author's abstract.)