Historique
Périodique
The anti-drug policy, aerial spraying of illicit crops and their social, environmental and political impacts in Colombia
(La politique antidrogue, pulvérisations des cultures illicites et leurs conséquences sociales, environnementales et politiques en Colombie)
Auteur(s) :
VARGAS, R.
Année
2002
Page(s) :
11-60
Sous-type de document :
Etude de synthèse / Synthetic study
Langue(s) :
Anglais
ISBN :
0022-0426
Refs biblio. :
192
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
MAR (Marchés / Markets)
Thésaurus géographique
COLOMBIE
;
AMERIQUE DU SUD
Thésaurus mots-clés
POLITIQUE
;
LUTTE
;
CULTURE ILLICITE
;
REPRESSION
;
MARCHE DE LA DROGUE
Note générale :
Journal of Drug Issues, 2002, 32, 11-60
Note de contenu :
fig. ; tabl.
Résumé :
ENGLISH :
Colombia's impetus to cultivate cannabis emerged as a result of the eradication actions undertaken since 1975 under the aegis of 'Operation Condor' in Mexico. Between 1976 and 1979, Colombia was the main producer of marijuana, its chief market being the United States. Due to this shift in production and as an extension of the measures taken in Mexico, Colombia has been the focus of the forced-eradication policy through herbicides since 1978. The decision to spray illicit crops from the air also depended on the changes taking place in Colombia as a producer of illegal raw materials. Colombia's illegal drug economy began to focus on the processing and exporting of cocaine after a temporary decrease in cannabis production, which relocated to Mexico in 1989. The raw materials needed for this were imported from huge coca fields in Peru and Bolivia. As a result, the socioeconomic, political and military importance of the different drug-trafficking organizations increased throughout the eighties. The main purpose of anti-drug policy was to dismantle the organized crime groups active in the illegal drug trade. Extraditing traffickers to the U.S. became a pivotal issue at a governmental level. The terrorist objective of the traffickers was to wage war against the various government agencies and civil groups combating them. (Author's abstract.)
Affiliation :
Transnatl Inst., Amsterdam
Colombie. Colombia.
Colombie. Colombia.