Historique
Périodique
How strong is the evidence that illicit drug use by young people is an important cause of psychological or social harm ? Methodological and policy implications of a systematic review of longitudinal, general population studies
(Quelle est la force des preuves démontrant que l'usage de drogues illicites des jeunes est une cause importante de risques psychologiques ou sociaux ? Les implications méthodologiques et politiques d'une revue systématique d'études longitudinales en population générale)
Auteur(s) :
MACLEOD, J. ;
OAKES, R. ;
OPPENKOWSKI T. ;
STOKES-LAMPARD, H. ;
COPELLO, A. ;
CROME, I. ;
SMITH, G. D. ;
EGGER, M. ;
HICKMAN, M. ;
JUDD, A.
Année
2004
Page(s) :
281-297
Sous-type de document :
Revue de la littérature / Literature review
Langue(s) :
Anglais
Refs biblio. :
81
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Discipline :
PRO (Produits, mode d'action, méthode de dépistage / Substances, action mode, screening methods)
Thésaurus mots-clés
PRODUIT ILLICITE
;
CANNABIS
;
EFFET SECONDAIRE
;
PSYCHOLOGIE
;
SOCIAL
;
FACTEUR DE RISQUE
;
ETUDE LONGITUDINALE
;
FIABILITE
Note générale :
Drugs Education, Prevention and Policy, 2004, 11, (4), 281-297
Note de contenu :
tabl.
Résumé :
ENGLISH :
Recreational use of illicit drugs (i.e. use not associated with a diagnosed drug problem) may cause psychological and social harm. A recent systematic review found that evidence for this was equivocal. Extensive evidence was only available in relation to cannabis use. This was relatively consistently associated with lower educational attainment and greater use of other drugs. However whether this association was causal was not clear. Cannabis use was less consistently associated with mental illness and antisocial behaviour. Causal relations between cannabis use and psychosocial harm could plausibly be mediated through either neurophysiological effects of cannabis or through social mechanisms related to use of an illegal substance. These different mechanisms might have different implications for harm-reduction policy. Alternatively associations may arise through non-causal pathways such as reverse causation, bias and confounding. In this latter situation, even effective reduction of cannabis use would be unlikely to be an effective harm-reduction policy in relation to psychosocial outcomes. Research strategies that could clarify these questions are discussed, as are the implications of these considerations for harm-reduction policy. (Author's abstract.)
Affiliation :
Dept Primary Care Gen. Practice, Primary Care Clinical Sciences Learning Ctre Build., Univ. Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT
Royaume-Uni. United Kingdom.
Royaume-Uni. United Kingdom.