Historique
Périodique
Schizophrénie et dépendance aux amphétamines
(Schizophrenia and amphetamine dependence. A case report)
Auteur(s) :
DERVAUX, A. ;
KREBS, M. O. ;
LAQUEILLE, X.
Année
2005
Page(s) :
247-250
Langue(s) :
Français
Refs biblio. :
28
Domaine :
Drogues illicites / Illicit drugs
Note générale :
Encéphale (L'), 2005, 31, (2), 247-250
Résumé :
FRANÇAIS :
Nous rapportons le cas d'un patient souffrant de schizophrénie, qui a présenté une dépendance aux amphétamines durant 7 ans. La consommation a été suivie d'une aggravation de l'activité délirante interprétative et hallucinatoire. De telles observations sont rares, la plupart des observations de troubles psychotiques associés à une dépendance aux amphétamines étant généralement des troubles psychotiques induits par ces substances. Des études en dose unique ont montré que les amphétamines accentuaient les signes positifs de schizophrénie, en particulier les hallucinations, et tendent à réduire la symptomatologie négative. Il n y a pas d'études évaluant les effets au long cours des amphétamines dans cette population. Les amphétamines pourraient avoir des effets cliniques et neurobiologiques prolongés. (Résumé d'auteur.)
ENGLISH :
Whereas observations of psychotic disorders induced by amphetamines are common, few observations described the impact of chronic amphetamine abuse on schizophrenic patients. We report the case of a schizophrenic patient who presented with amphetamine dependence for several years, without other accompanying addiction. The amphetamine consumption was followed by a marked deterioration in the delusions, particularly the hallucinations. Worsening of the positive symptoms in schizophrenic patients by amphetamines has been established in single dose studies, in particular characterized by persecutory delusions and hallucinations. On the other hand, amphetamines tend to transiently and moderately reduce the negative symptoms. Some studies have shown that amphetamine consumption promoted violent acting out in non-schizophrenic subjects. In our observation, the acting out may be not related to the acute effects of these substances, since it occurred 9 months after stated discontinuation of amphetamine consumption. However, the cerebral toxicity and psycho-behavioural disturbances related to amphetamines might be prolonged after withdrawal. In non-schizophrenic patients, the existence of prolonged neurotoxicity of amphetamines and related psychobehavioral disturbances has been suggested. Conclusion - The neurobiological and psycho-behavioural effects of amphetamines may be prolonged following withdrawal in both schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic patients. (Author's abstract.)
Nous rapportons le cas d'un patient souffrant de schizophrénie, qui a présenté une dépendance aux amphétamines durant 7 ans. La consommation a été suivie d'une aggravation de l'activité délirante interprétative et hallucinatoire. De telles observations sont rares, la plupart des observations de troubles psychotiques associés à une dépendance aux amphétamines étant généralement des troubles psychotiques induits par ces substances. Des études en dose unique ont montré que les amphétamines accentuaient les signes positifs de schizophrénie, en particulier les hallucinations, et tendent à réduire la symptomatologie négative. Il n y a pas d'études évaluant les effets au long cours des amphétamines dans cette population. Les amphétamines pourraient avoir des effets cliniques et neurobiologiques prolongés. (Résumé d'auteur.)
ENGLISH :
Whereas observations of psychotic disorders induced by amphetamines are common, few observations described the impact of chronic amphetamine abuse on schizophrenic patients. We report the case of a schizophrenic patient who presented with amphetamine dependence for several years, without other accompanying addiction. The amphetamine consumption was followed by a marked deterioration in the delusions, particularly the hallucinations. Worsening of the positive symptoms in schizophrenic patients by amphetamines has been established in single dose studies, in particular characterized by persecutory delusions and hallucinations. On the other hand, amphetamines tend to transiently and moderately reduce the negative symptoms. Some studies have shown that amphetamine consumption promoted violent acting out in non-schizophrenic subjects. In our observation, the acting out may be not related to the acute effects of these substances, since it occurred 9 months after stated discontinuation of amphetamine consumption. However, the cerebral toxicity and psycho-behavioural disturbances related to amphetamines might be prolonged after withdrawal. In non-schizophrenic patients, the existence of prolonged neurotoxicity of amphetamines and related psychobehavioral disturbances has been suggested. Conclusion - The neurobiological and psycho-behavioural effects of amphetamines may be prolonged following withdrawal in both schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic patients. (Author's abstract.)
Affiliation :
Serv. Psychiatrie, Bp 27, Centre Hosp. Gén., F-91401 Orsay
France. France.
France. France.